| General Information |
| Organism |
Homo sapiens, human |
| Cell Line Description |
RT-112 is a human bladder cancer cell line established in 1973 by Dr. Carol Rigby at St. Paul's Hospital, London, and first comprehensively described in the literature by F.J. Benham and colleagues in 1976. The cell line was derived from a surgically resected specimen of an untreated primary transitional cell carcinoma (histological grade G2) from an adult female patient. RT-112 cells exhibit an epithelioid morphology and grow as an adherent monolayer. In the fields of urologic oncology, molecular biology, and drug discovery, RT-112 is a globally recognized cornerstone model for the in vitro study of luminal-type bladder cancer. The cell line has garnered significant attention for harboring the endogenous FGFR3-TACC3 oncogenic fusion, making it a key model for investigating fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling pathways, evaluating selective small-molecule FGFR inhibitors, and analyzing mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance. |
| Tissue |
Bladder |
| Cell Type |
Epithelial cell |
| Population / Ancestry |
Caucasian |
| Disease |
Transitional Cell Carcinoma / Urothelial Carcinoma |
| Morphology |
Epithelioid; growing in cohesive polygonal sheets |
| Gender |
Female |
| Age |
Unspecified |
| Product Format |
Frozen |
| Growth Mode |
Adherent |
| Biosafety Level |
1 (Biosafety classification matches standard laboratory parameters for non-infectious human tumor cells) |
| Applications |
1. A "gold standard" in vitro model for studying FGFR3-driven tumorigenesis, receptor dimerization, and the activation of downstream MAPK/ERK or PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways; 2. A key target cell line for the preclinical evaluation of selective pan-FGFR inhibitors (e.g., Erdafitinib, Infigratinib) and combination therapy regimens; 3. Investigating the mechanisms underlying acquired chemotherapy resistance to standard-of-care treatments for bladder cancer (e.g., cisplatin, gemcitabine, and mitomycin C); 4. Studying epithelial differentiation markers (e.g., E-cadherin, α-, β-, and γ-catenin) and cellular stratification phenomena within urothelial biology; 5. Establishing robust subcutaneous, orthotopic, or organoid-based bladder cancer xenograft models in immunodeficient rodent models. |
| Shipped In |
Dry ice |
| Storage Temperature |
−196°C |
| Characteristics |
| Tumorigenic |
Yes; highly tumorigenic in athymic nude mice, forming progressively expanding epithelial tumors. |
| Transformant |
None; immortalized spontaneously from primary untreated transitional cell carcinoma tissue. |
| Oncogenic Drivers |
FGFR3-TACC3 Gene Fusion. Harbors an intrachromosomal rearrangement on chromosome 4p16 that fuses the tyrosine kinase domain of FGFR3 in-frame to the transforming acidic coiled-coil 3 (TACC3) gene, resulting in permanent, ligand-independent receptor dimerization and signaling. |
| Karyotype |
Human hyperdiploid karyotype with approximately 4% polyploidy. Modal chromosome number is 47 (ranges 44-47). |
| Mycoplasma Test |
Negative |
| Culture Conditions and Handling |
| Subculturing |
1. Completely remove and discard the complete culture medium from the culture vessel. 2. Gently rinse the cell monolayer with sterile, Ca2+/Mg2+-free PBS to neutralize residual serum components containing active trypsin inhibitors. 3. Add 1.0 to 2.5 mL of 0.25% trypsin-0.53 mM (0.03%) EDTA solution, pre-warmed to the appropriate temperature, ensuring the cell layer is completely covered. 4. Incubate at 37°C for 5 to 10 minutes, monitoring closely under an inverted microscope. Note: RT-112 cells exhibit strong intercellular adhesion and attachment; enzymatic treatment often requires up to 10 minutes for the cells to fully round up and detach into a single-cell suspension. 5. Add an equal volume of complete growth medium to rapidly terminate the enzymatic reaction. 6. Gently pipette the cell suspension up and down, centrifuge at approximately 300 × g for 3 to 5 minutes, carefully aspirate the supernatant, gently resuspend the cell pellet in fresh complete medium, and then distribute the cells into new culture vessels. |
| Thawing Protocol Note |
RT-112 cells are sensitive to the initial alkalinity of the culture medium after thawing. Before adding the thawed cell suspension, the culture vessel containing fresh complete growth medium should be placed in a 5% CO2 incubator for at least 15 minutes to allow the medium's pH to reach the normal physiological range (7.0 to 7.6). |
| Medium Renewal |
2 to 3 times per week |
| Subcultivation Ratio |
Split confluent cultures (70-80% density) at a standard ratio of 1:2 to 1:6. To maintain optimal proliferative kinetics, split the culture before it reaches 100% density. |
| Culture Conditions |
Atmosphere: Air, 95%; CO2, 5%; Temperature: 37°C |
| Cryopreservation |
90% Complete culture growth medium + 10% DMSO (or 50% Basal medium + 40% FBS + 10% DMSO) |