HK-1 Cell Line

Brief Introduction
Product List

General Information
Organism	Homo sapiens, human
Cell Line Description	HK-1, also known as NPC/HK1, is a human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line established from a differentiated squamous carcinoma of the nasopharynx in a 58-year-old male donor. The parental line is Epstein–Barr virus negative and grows as an adherent epithelial-like monolayer. Its differentiated squamous phenotype, stable reference STR profile, near-triploid karyotype, and capacity to form invasive three-dimensional spheroids support studies of nasopharyngeal carcinoma biology, epithelial differentiation, oncogenic signaling, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, invasion, transcript regulation, and anticancer response. The parental HK-1 line must be distinguished from experimentally infected or genetically modified HK1 derivatives.
Cell Type	Human nasopharyngeal carcinoma epithelial cell
Tissue of Origin	Nasopharynx
Disease	Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Original Tumor Histology	Differentiated squamous carcinoma of the nasopharynx
Sex	Male
Age at Sampling	58 years
Virus Status	Epstein–Barr virus negative in the parental cell line
Morphology	Epithelial-like cells forming an adherent monolayer
Growth Mode	Adherent
Applications	1. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma biology and molecular-pathogenesis studies 2. Differentiated squamous and keratinizing tumor models 3. Cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity assays 4. Migration, invasion, and metastasis-related studies 5. EGF- and TGF-β-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition 6. EGFR/ErbB, PI3K/AKT, Wnt, β-catenin, and integrin-signaling research 7. mRNA, microRNA, and transcript-variant profiling 8. Drug-response and combination-treatment screening 9. Three-dimensional spheroid and extracellular-matrix invasion models 10. Tumor microenvironment and cell–matrix interaction studies 11. EBV-negative comparator studies 12. Generation of experimentally infected or engineered derivative models
Characteristics
Tumor Phenotype	Well-differentiated nasopharyngeal squamous carcinoma phenotype
Karyotype	Near triploid, with multiple numerical and structural chromosome abnormalities and characteristic marker chromosomes
EBV Biology	The parental line contains no detectable EBV DNA in validated early-passage cultures. HK1-EBV and other EBV-expressing derivatives are experimentally modified lines and should be labeled, authenticated, and analyzed separately.
Transcriptomic Features	Comparative mRNA and microRNA profiling identifies dysregulation of extracellular-matrix organization, β1-integrin interactions, PI3K/AKT, EGFR/ErbB, and Wnt-related signaling in nasopharyngeal carcinoma model systems. HK-1 also contains a transcript-level TP53 sequence variant identified by RNA sequencing.
EMT Responsiveness	EGF and TGF-β stimulation can be used to induce and study epithelial–mesenchymal transition-associated expression changes in HK-1 cells.
Three-Dimensional Growth	HK-1 cells can generate multicellular spheroids. Spheroids embedded in collagen matrices support analysis of three-dimensional growth, tumor-like architecture, and matrix invasion.
Mycoplasma Test	Negative
Culture Conditions and Handling
Culture Conditions	37°C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO₂
Culture Surface	Standard tissue-culture-treated vessels for routine monolayer propagation
Recommended Confluence for Passage	Passage at approximately 80–90% confluence
Dissociation Reagent	Trypsin solution
Split Ratio	1:2 to 1:4; adjust within this range according to growth rate and experimental scheduling
Subculturing	1. Remove the spent medium and rinse the monolayer once or twice with calcium- and magnesium-free PBS. 2. Add enough trypsin solution to cover the cell layer. 3. Incubate briefly and monitor under a microscope; cells typically round and detach within 1–2 minutes. 4. Add serum-containing complete medium to stop dissociation. 5. Collect the suspension and gently disperse cell aggregates. 6. Centrifuge if required by the laboratory workflow, resuspend in fresh complete medium, and seed at a 1:2 to 1:4 ratio. 7. Return the cultures to 37°C and 5% CO₂ and confirm attachment and epithelial-like morphology.
Cryopreservation Medium	50% RPMI-1640, 40% fetal bovine serum, and 10% DMSO
Cryopreservation	Prepare a single-cell suspension from a healthy, actively growing culture. Resuspend in chilled cryopreservation medium, dispense into labeled cryovials, cool at an approximately controlled rate to −80°C, and transfer to liquid nitrogen for long-term storage.
Thawing	Rapidly thaw the vial at 37°C, disinfect the exterior, transfer the suspension into pre-warmed complete medium, remove the cryoprotectant according to the local recovery procedure, and seed into a suitably sized vessel. Replace the recovery medium after cell attachment if necessary.
Three-Dimensional Culture Note	For spheroid experiments, standardize initial cell number, spheroid size, matrix composition, collagen concentration, incubation duration, and imaging schedule. Collagen-embedded spheroids can grow and invade the surrounding matrix, and these endpoints are sensitive to starting spheroid dimensions.

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price
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CSC-RR00677	Luciferase Reporter Cell Line - HK-1	Inquiry
CSC-RO01598	OVAL Stable Cell Line - HK-1	Inquiry
CSC-RO01851	GFP/OVAL Stable Cell Line - HK-1	Inquiry
CSC-RO02104	Luc/OVAL Stable Cell Line - HK-1	Inquiry
CSC-RO02357	GFP/Luc/OVAL Stable Cell Line - HK-1	Inquiry

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