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Overview

Viruses have long been indispensable research tools in molecular and cellular biology, driving an in-depth understanding of cellular functions and genetic mechanisms. Through millions of years of evolution, viruses have developed the ability to target key control points within host cells, providing a unique perspective on critical biological processes such as gene expression, immune regulation, and cell death. Since Hershey and Chase utilized bacteriophages in 1952 to demonstrate that genetic material is composed of nucleic acids, viruses have played a central role in genetic engineering, the study of gene expression mechanisms, and the development of antiviral defense technologies.

Comprehensive Viral Tool Portfolio

Creative Biogene offers pre-made viral particle products that provide efficient, customized gene delivery tools for fields such as gene therapy, viral vector development, immune regulation, and oncolytic virotherapy. By optimizing delivery efficiency and targeting specificity, these products support researchers in their applications in precision therapeutics, vaccine development, and cellular biology research.

Gene Transduction and Gene Therapy Vectors

Over 20 AAV serotypes, high-titer (>1×108 TU/mL) Lentivirus, Adenovirus, and MMLV/MSCV-based Retrovirus particles offer high transduction efficiency (90-100%) across diverse cell types, with insert sizes up to 8-10 kb.

Oncolytic Viruses and Vaccine Development Tools

Engineered oncolytic viruses, including modified Measles and HSV-1, selectively replicate in tumor cells. HPV pseudoviruses (types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33) with reporter genes, influenza pseudoviruses (Types A and B) with HA/NA proteins, and Monkeypox pseudoviruses with Ad5-based systems are provided for cancer research, investigation and development of neutralization antibodies, vaccines as well as other anti-viral candidates.

Research Tools and Signaling Modulators

Optogenetic tools feature opsins (channelrhodopsins, halorhodopsins) for precise cellular control. AAV-based tracers with fluorescent reporters enable neural circuit analysis, while biosensors like GCaMP calcium indicators and glutamate sensors track cellular activity. Special applications include tissue-specific promoters, self-complementary AAV variants, and genome editing tools for targeted biological research.

Client Case Studies & Research Outcomes

Our premade virus particle products have supported client research published in journals like Molecular Biology Reports, Nature Materials, and Science Advances. These studies span oncology, virology, immunology, and neuroscience.

Figure 1. The researchers used Creative Biogene's pseudoviruses to evaluate the neutralizing antibody response in mice vaccinated with PNP-delivered DNA and mRNA vaccines. They assessed S protein expression in vitro and conducted plaque reduction tests to determine vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. (Li Z, et al., 2022)

Application: Gene Therapy and Gene Delivery Technologies

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted urgent research for effective vaccines and therapeutics. Researchers conducted pseudovirus neutralization assays using an HIV-based lentivirus pseudotyped with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. They incubated heat-inactivated sera with serial dilutions of the pseudovirus and measured luciferase activity in ACE2-293T cells to assess neutralization capability. Results showed half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) titers, quantifying serum neutralization against SARS-CoV-2.

Creative Biogene's lentiviral particles, pseudotyped with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, were used in this assay to simulate SARS-CoV-2 infection and evaluate neutralization responses.

Application: Gene Therapy and Gene Delivery Technologies

The tumor microenvironment plays a key role in cancer processes, including tumorigenesis and therapy resistance. This study explored CXCL5’s impact on glioblastoma (GBM) using TCGA GBM and GEO database analyses, validating CXCL5 expression with RT-qPCR and Western Blot. Effects on proliferation, tumorigenesis, and angiogenesis were assessed through various assays. High CXCL5 expression correlated with increased proliferation, angiogenesis, poor prognosis, and activation of JAK-STAT and NF-κB pathways, while its inhibition decreased these processes and extended survival in mouse models.

Researchers utilized pGFP-shCXCL5 lentivirus particles (from Creative Biogene) to inhibit endogenous CXCL5 expression in U87 and U251 GBM cell lines. The study aimed to observe the physiological consequences of reducing CXCL5 levels. Transfection with these particles effectively decreased CXCL5 expression, as confirmed by RT-qPCR and Western Blot analyses, and substantially reduced the proliferation and angiogenic potential of the GBM cells tested.

Figure 3.  The researchers evaluated cell viability using WST-8 assay after treating different cell lines with Wilforol A. To establish the role of Akt signaling in this process, they utilized Creative Biogene's adenoviral particles to generate Akt-overexpressing cells, enabling a mechanistic investigation of the PI3K/AKT pathway's involvement in cell survival. (Wang Z, et al., 2023)

Application: Cancer Research and Tumor Biology

In this study examining the anti-proliferation effects of wilforol A on glioma cells, researchers conducted comprehensive experiments using human glioma cell lines U118 MG and A172, along with human tracheal epithelial cells (TECs) and astrocytes (HAs). The study's methodology involved exposing these cells to various concentrations of wilforol A and evaluating cell viability, apoptosis, and protein levels. Results demonstrated that wilforol A effectively inhibited glioma cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner, with IC50 values ranging from 6 to 11 μM, while showing minimal effects on normal cells.

In this experimental setup, Creative Biogene's adenoviral particles (AD00306Z) were utilized to generate Akt-overexpressing cells, enabling researchers to investigate the role of the PI3K/AKT pathway in wilforol A's mechanism of action. The viral particles were administered at a concentration of 1×1010 PFU/ml following the manufacturer's protocols to successfully establish the cellular model for pathway analysis.

Figure 4. The researchers measured MDM2 and RNF6 expression levels using RT-PCR and Western blot analysis after GLA treatment. To verify these proteins' functional roles, they used lentivirus particles to restore MDM2 and RNF6 expression in gastric cancer cells, enabling them to assess the impact on cell viability under GLA treatment. (Liu Y, et al., 2022)

Application: Cancer Research and Tumor Biology

Gastric cancer remains one of the most prevalent and lethal gastrointestinal malignancies worldwide. The researchers investigated the therapeutic potential of Glaucocalyxin A (GLA) on gastric cancer cells, demonstrating its ability to inhibit proliferation, cell adhesion, and invasion in multiple gastric cancer cell lines through comprehensive in vitro and in vivo experiments. Their findings revealed that GLA's anti-cancer effects were mediated through the downregulation of MDM2 and RNF6, alongside the activation of miR-3658 and the SMG1-UPF mRNA decay pathway.

Creative Biogene's MDM2 and RNF6 lentivirus particles were employed to investigate the role of these proteins in gastric cancer progression. The researchers utilized these viral particles to establish stable expression models, enabling them to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying GLA's therapeutic effects and validate the functional significance of MDM2 and RNF6 in gastric cancer development.

Figure 5. The researchers utilized IVIS imaging and H&E staining to evaluate the distribution of SHIELD in mice’s organs and used pseudo-viruses with fluorescent markers to analyze infection rates and the protective efficiency of the treatment. (Mei X, et al., 2023)

Application: Virology and Vaccine Development

The emergence of rapidly mutating SARS-CoV-2 variants has created an urgent need for innovative protective strategies against viral infections. The researchers developed and evaluated SHIELD, an inhalable bioadhesive hydrogel system, through comprehensive in vivo studies using mouse and primate models. Their findings demonstrated that a single SHIELD inhalation could provide up to 8 hours of protection against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the WA1 and Delta strains.

This experimental protocol used Creative Biogene's fluorescently labeled mouse pneumonia virus (OTV-011) to track viral distribution and evaluate SHIELD's protective efficacy. The researchers administered the viral particles at a concentration of 20 μl per mouse, enabling them to visualize and quantify viral spread through fluorescence imaging and assess the barrier function of the SHIELD hydrogel in the respiratory system.

Figure 6. The researchers employed immunoblotting, electron microscopy, and fluorescence imaging to characterize the Flu-RBD vaccine and trace its distribution in lymph nodes. (Wang Z., et al., 2023)

Application: Virology and Vaccine Development

The convergence of influenza and COVID-19 raised concerns about increased SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and mortality. Researchers developed a novel vaccine by combining inactivated influenza A virus with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein’s receptor binding domain (RBD), aiming for dual protection. The Flu-RBD vaccine showed enhanced lymph node retention, distribution, and protective immunity against both viruses. It successfully protected hamsters from SARS-CoV-2 infection and demonstrated strong neutralization against both Delta pseudovirus and wild-type influenza A H1N1.

Creative Biogene's inactivated influenza A H1N1 virus (VNV-019) was used to assess vaccine efficacy in CD1 mice. The virus, labeled with DID dye, was administered according to the vaccination schedule, with lung tissue analyzed using Xenogen Live Imager and Olympus FLUOVIEW CLSM to evaluate protective effects 24 hours post-administration.

Figure 7. The researchers injected viruses and conducted recordings in the deep layers of the V1 visual cortex, utilizing CaMKII virus for selective expression in pyramidal neurons and PV virus for targeting PV interneurons, aiming to study their distinct roles in visual processing. (Baranauskas G, et al., 2024)

Application: Neuroscience and Neurobiology

The primary visual cortex (V1) is essential for visual processing, where activating inhibitory interneurons modulates excitatory neurons, enhancing visual response reliability and selectivity. This study examined the effects of optogenetic activation of pyramidal and parvalbumin (PV) positive interneurons on SNR and RF size in V1. Activation led to a significant SNR increase—267% for pyramidal neurons and 318% for PV neurons—and reduced RF area, suggesting increased precision and information encoding in V1.

Creative Biogene’s viral particles facilitated the delivery of optogenetic constructs to targeted neuronal populations in V1. With a concentration of 1013 vg/mL, these particles enabled precise targeting and activation of pyramidal and PV neurons, providing a reliable tool for gene delivery.

Figure 8. The researchers administered AAV5-VGluT2-Cre virus three weeks before inducing T9 spinal cord injury to achieve cell-specific knockdown of TNFR1 on VGluT2+ interneurons. (Martynyuk T, et al., 2024)

Application: Neuroscience and Neurobiology

Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts immune function, increasing the risk of respiratory infections like pneumonia, a leading cause of death post-injury. Researchers explored how neuroinflammation affects immune response after SCI. Using AAV5 viral particles, they recombined floxed alleles in excitatory VGlut2+ and inhibitory VGat+ interneurons. The study revealed that elevated soluble tumor necrosis factor (sTNF) and excessive TNFR1 activity on excitatory interneurons contribute to immune dysfunction, identifying a potential therapeutic target.

AAV5 viral particles from Creative Biogene were used to deliver Cre recombinase to specific spinal cord cell populations. AAV5-VGlut2-Cre and AAV5-VGat-Cre vectors targeted excitatory and inhibitory interneurons, respectively, with viral particle concentrations of 1.00E+13 GC/ml and 4.98E+9 GC/ml for precise gene manipulation.

Creative Biogene's Production Qualifications and Quality Control Advantages

Committed to high-quality, low-toxicity, and efficient viral particle products, our production processes and quality control measures adhere to international standards, ensuring each batch meets the highest levels of safety and effectiveness. Key advantages include:

Quality Assurance

  • Purity: Infection confirmation and mycoplasma testing ensure contamination-free, pure viral particles.
  • High Titer: Virus titers exceed 1×108 TU/mL for optimal gene delivery and reliable results.

Service Excellence

  • Quick Turnaround: Ready-to-use products for fast delivery, reducing experimental timelines.
  • Small-Scale Packaging: Prevents repeated freeze-thaw cycles and maintains product integrity with tailored packaging options.
  • Customization: Tailored viral particle products to meet specific research needs.

Quality Control

  • Contamination Control: Techniques like Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs) and automated pathogen screening minimize delays from extended incubation.
  • Viral Safety: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Viral Clearance Studies ensure effective viral risk management.
  • Traceability: Full production records and testing reports guarantee compliance with quality standards.

Partner with Us Today

Creative Biogene is dedicated to providing unparalleled viral particle products and testing services that help you achieve breakthroughs in scientific research. With our high-quality, low-toxicity products that meet international standards, you can optimize your experimental process and ensure the accuracy and reliability of your results. Contact us today to learn more about our products and services.

FAQ

Q: What factors should I consider when choosing between different viral vectors (AAV, Lentivirus, Adenovirus, Retrovirus)?

A: The choice depends on factors such as the target cell type (dividing vs. non-dividing), required expression duration (transient vs. stable), insert size (AAV ~4.7kb, Lentivirus ~8kb, Adenovirus ~8-10kb), integration requirements, immune response considerations, and tissue specificity (especially relevant for AAV serotypes).

Q: How do I determine the optimal MOI (Multiplicity of Infection) for my experiment?

A: The optimal MOI varies by cell type, viral vector, and desired expression level. We recommend optimizing MOI by testing a range of values and measuring transgene expression and cell viability.

Q: What are the safety considerations for working with these viral particles?

A: Our viral vectors are engineered to be replication-deficient. Safety precautions include:

  • AAV and Adenovirus: BSL-1/2
  • Lentivirus/Retrovirus: BSL-2
  • Pseudotyped viruses: BSL-2
  • Always follow institutional biosafety guidelines.

Q: How can I validate successful transduction and expression?

A: Validation methods include fluorescent reporters, qPCR, Western blot, flow cytometry, and functional assays specific to the transgene.

Q: How can I enhance transduction efficiency in difficult-to-transduce cells?

A: Improving transduction efficiency can involve optimizing cell density, using transduction enhancers (e.g., polybrene), adjusting culture conditions, or testing different viral serotypes.

Q: How stable is transgene expression with different viral vectors?

A: Lentivirus and retrovirus vectors offer stable integration, while AAV provides long-term expression in post-mitotic cells. Adenovirus generally provides transient expression, with stability influenced by promoter choice, cell division rate, and immune responses.

* For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.
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