GFP Adeno-Associated Virus ( AAV-PSVSPRP )

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are the most commonly used viral vectors in current gene therapy applications. They combine several advantageous features, including a favorable safety profile, long-term stable gene expression in a variety of tissues, the ability to transduce both dividing and non-dividing cells, and physicochemical stability. AAV vectors generally exhibit low innate immunity, as well as low efficiency in transducing professional antigen-presenting cells, although recent studies warrant a more differentiated view of the immune response to AAV-mediated gene transfer. In clinical trials, humoral immune responses were generated, and memory CD8+ T cell responses were also observed. To circumvent these issues, a number of different AAV capsid variants have been isolated from non-human primates that exhibit enhanced transduction of certain tissues and may reduce seroprevalence and attenuate pre-existing capsid immune responses. In addition, different types of capsid modifications have been explored to improve tissue targeting and transduction efficiency. GFP AAV-PSVSPRP employs a capsid derived from the commonly studied AAV serotype 2 (AAV2). This virus is unique in that a specific peptide sequence, PSVSPRP, is inserted into the AAV2 capsid at amino acid position I588. This modification plays a critical role in directing viral particles to specific cell types, thereby increasing the precision of gene delivery. The PSVSPRP peptide insertion enhances the affinity of the viral capsid for cardiomyocytes, the progenitor cells that form heart muscle tissue. This specificity is critical for research and therapeutic applications focused on cardiac biology and heart disease.