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Adeno-associated virus (AAV) Control Particles serve as negative controls, lacking target genes, to ensure accurate evaluations of AAV vector efficacy in gene delivery experiments and bolster scientific validity. Creative Biogene, a prominent AAV technology leader, provides an array of pre-made AAV control particles encompassing over 12 serotypes and engineered capsids. These viruses facilitate the convenient optimization of transduction conditions for specific cell types, offering standardized benchmarks for transduction efficiency across diverse AAV capsids and promoters in cell types of interest.
Utilize Creative Biogene's AAV control particles to optimize AAV delivery conditions. Screen transduction efficiency for capsid serotypes and promoters, determining the best configuration for targeted cell entry and expression kinetics. By quantifying reporter expression, the optimal capsid and promoter can be identified. Our control AAVs provide standardized reagents for maximal gene delivery, allowing precise optimization of transduction parameters. You can achieve the following tasks using our AAV control particles:
Case Study 1
The researchers transduced dopamine neurons in the mouse substantia nigra with a constitutively active Akt to activate neurotrophic signaling pathways. AAV-Myr-Akt had pronounced trophic effects including increasing neuron size, dopamine markers, and sprouting. It also conferred near complete protection against a neurotoxin. AAV delivery of intracellular signaling molecules is a promising approach to neuroprotection and therapy for neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease.
Figure 1. AAV-Myr-Akt increased nigral volume, neuron size, TH+ cells, and DA metabolites compared to AAV-GFP controls in normal mouse SN, likely due to increased TH expression rather than neurogenesis. (Ries V, et al., 2006).
Case Study 2
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a promising vector for gene therapy due to its broad tropism and low immunogenicity. In this study, the researchers systematically inserted 6 structured protein domains throughout the AAV-DJ capsid protein VP1. This represents the largest and most comprehensive AAV domain insertion dataset so far. Unexpectedly, AAV capsids showed robust tolerance for large domain insertions. Permissibility strongly depended on the insertion site, domain type, and phenotype measured, clustering into contiguous structural units linked to distinct AAV functions in assembly, stability, and infectivity. The study also identified engineerable hotspots that enable covalent attachment of targeting scaffolds, offering an alternative approach to redirect AAV tropism.
Figure 2. The researchers incorporated the HUH tag mMobA into the VR4 region of AAV-DJ to enable covalent linkage of targeting scaffolds and redirection of AAV tropism in vitro, using wild-type AAV-DJ as a control. (Hoffmann M D, et al., 2023).
Case Study 3
Repurposing glial cells for neuronal conversion holds promise in repairing neural circuits and restoring function. In the study, researchers used an AAV-based Cre recombination system with a GFAP mini-promoter to label Müller Glia (MG) and reprogram them into Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGCs) post Ptbp1 downregulation. A control AAV, AAV-GFAP-CasRx, was injected to verify MG-to-RGC transformation. However, similar "conversion" efficiencies were observed in AAV-GFAP-CasRx saline, raising concerns about the potential leaky expression of AAV-GFAP-Cre marking endogenous RGCs. The control group aimed to assess MG-to-RGC conversion under Ptbp1 transcription conditions.
Figure 3. AAVs expressing CasRx or CasRx-Ptbp1 were injected to knockdown PTBP1. PHP.eB-AAVs are primarily employed to label MG; however, due to the leakage expression of AAV-GFAP-Cre, it also marks endogenous RGCs. Consequently, it is not suitable for detecting the transformation of MG to RGCs. (Xie Y., et al., 2022).
Q: What are AAV Control Particles?
A: AAV Control Particles refer to specifically engineered adeno-associated virus (AAV) particles designed to serve as controlled entities in experiments. These particles are manipulated to lack the target gene, functioning as negative controls. Their primary purpose is to establish a baseline for comparison, ensuring the observed effects are attributed to the introduced AAV vectors.
Q: What is the primary function of AAV Control Particles?
A: AAV Control Particles function as negative controls to validate the efficacy of AAV vectors in experimental settings. Their introduction helps mitigate potential external factors' impact on experimental outcomes. This ensures the reliability and effectiveness of the experimental results.
Q: How are AAV Control Particles used to validate the efficacy of AAV vectors?
A: Researchers compare the effects of AAV vectors carrying the target gene with those of AAV Control Particles. This comparison confirms whether observed effects are specifically related to the gene of interest, eliminating confounding variables and enhancing experimental reproducibility.
Q: Why is it necessary to introduce AAV Control Particles in experiments?
A: (1) Scientific Credibility: The introduction of AAV Control Particles is imperative to ensure the scientific credibility of experimental results.
(2) Variable Elimination: Control groups help eliminate potential external variables' influence on the experimental outcomes.
(3) Accurate Assessment: This allows for a more accurate assessment of AAV vector performance in gene delivery and therapeutic applications.
Creative Biogene provides custom-designed AAV Control Particles to meet specific requirements of customer experiments, ensuring optimal performance.
Q: What key factors should be considered when using AAV Control Particles?
A: (1) Control Group Selection: Careful consideration should be given to the selection of appropriate control groups.
(2) Consistent Experimental Design: Ensuring consistency in experimental design is critical for reliable results.
(3) Alignment with AAV Vectors: AAV Control Particles should align with AAV vectors carrying the target gene to maintain experimental consistency.
(4) Proper Handling and Storage: Attention to proper handling and storage procedures is crucial for maintaining the integrity of AAV Control Particles and ensuring reliable experimental outcomes.
We have an experienced professional support team available to provide technical consultation and experimental design advice regarding AAV Control Particles.
| Cat.No. | Product Name | Price |
|---|---|---|
| AAV00022Z | GFP Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 1) | Inquiry |
| AAV00023Z | LacZ Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 1) | Inquiry |
| AAV00025Z | GFP Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 2) | Inquiry |
| AAV00026Z | LacZ Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 2) | Inquiry |
| AAV00029Z | GFP Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 5) | Inquiry |
| AAV00030Z | LacZ Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 5) | Inquiry |
| AAV00033Z | GFP Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 6) | Inquiry |
| AAV00034Z | LacZ Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 6) | Inquiry |
| AAV00035Z | LacZ Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 8) | Inquiry |
| AAV00038Z | GFP Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 8) | Inquiry |
| AAV00041Z | GFP Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 9) | Inquiry |
| AAV00042Z | LacZ Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 9) | Inquiry |
| AAV00049Z | CAG-GFP Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 1) | Inquiry |
| AAV00051Z | CAG-GFP Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 2) | Inquiry |
| AAV00053Z | CAG-GFP Adeno-associated virus(AAV Serotype 5) | Inquiry |
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