Product Details

CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) are synthetic DNA molecules characterized by short, single-stranded structures containing unmethylated CpG motifs derived from bacterial DNA. These ODNs have the capacity to directly activate B-lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and NK cells, leading to heightened innate immunity and antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC). Additionally, CpG ODNs indirectly influence T-cell responses by inducing the release of cytokines such as IL-12 and IFN-gamma, resulting in a preferential shift towards the Th1 phenotype and consequently enhancing CD8+ cellular cytotoxicity. Both preclinical and clinical trials have demonstrated the potential of CpG ODNs to augment the immunogenicity of vaccines targeting infectious diseases and cancer. They act as effective vaccine adjuvants by improving antigen-presenting cell function and promoting the induction of antigen-specific adaptive immune responses. Moreover, CpG ODNs exhibit preventive capabilities against allergies by fostering the development of T helper 1 (TH1)-type immune responses. The distinctive characteristics of CpG ODNs position them as valuable tools for advancing vaccine research and cancer immunotherapy.

As a leading biotechnology company, Creative Biogene boasts state-of-the-art equipment, advanced technologies, and highly skilled personnel dedicated to offering a comprehensive range of high-quality CpG ODN products, including type A, type B, and type C ODNs. Our commitment is to provide you with cost-effective and premium CpG ODN products, ensuring your satisfaction through timely and professional service.

Key Features of Our CpG ODNs

• Unsurpassed Purity: CpG ODNs with unparalleled purity, ensuring reliable and reproducible results in experiments.
• Rigorous Quality Control: Impact: Stringent quality control measures guarantee the consistency and reliability of each CpG ODN product.
• Advanced Synthesis Techniques: Utilization of cutting-edge synthesis techniques to produce CpG ODNs with superior quality and performance.
• Optimized Formulations: Carefully optimized formulations for each CpG ODN type, maximizing effectiveness and experimental success.
• Endotoxin-Free Products: CpG ODNs free from endotoxin contamination, ensuring the integrity of immunological assays and downstream applications.
• High Bioactivity: CpG ODNs designed to exhibit high bioactivity, enhancing their efficacy in immune stimulation and therapeutic applications.

CpG ODNs Product List

Application

CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN) are short synthetic DNA molecules with unmethylated cytosine-guanine (CpG) motifs. These motifs act as immunostimulants when unmethylated, functioning as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) due to their prevalence in microbial DNA. The Toll-Like Receptor 9 (TLR9) recognizes CpG PAMPs and is expressed in B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells.

The discovery of CpG ODN's immunostimulatory properties traces back to the recognition of Coley's toxin in 1893, with bacterial DNA identified as the active component in 1983. In 1995, Krieg et al. pinpointed the CpG motif as responsible for the immunostimulatory effects and developed synthetic CpG ODN. Since then, CpG ODN has been extensively studied for its Type I pro-inflammatory response and successful use as a vaccine adjuvant.

CpG ODNs are categorized into Classes A, B, and C based on their sequence, secondary structures, and effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Class A CpG ODNs, such as ODN 1585 and ODN 2216, exhibit enhanced stability and increased IFNα production, activating NK cells indirectly through cytokine signaling. Class B CpG ODNs, like ODN 1668 and ODN 1826, are potent B cell and NK cell stimulants with effective Th1 activation. Class C CpG ODNs combine features of Classes A and B, showing strong IFNα induction and effective B cell stimulation.

Research indicates that CpG ODNs enhance CTL responses, exhibit anti-tumor activity, and play a role in Th1 induction. Recent studies also suggest their potential in regulating immune checkpoint pathways. CpG ODNs have emerged as promising immunostimulants, contributing to vaccine development and cancer immunotherapy. Their distinct classes offer diverse applications, impacting immune cell activation, cytokine release, and anti-tumor responses. Clinical trials demonstrate their efficacy in combination therapies, emphasizing the potential of CpG ODNs in enhancing immune-based interventions against cancer.

Case Study

Case Study 1

The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) antibodies revolutionized cancer therapy, yet their effectiveness is limited, with many patients unresponsive for unknown reasons. Researchers sought to enhance CPI efficacy by developing nanoparticles encapsulating immunostimulatory CpG DNA ligands of TLR9. These engineered nanoparticles effectively suppressed tumor growth in diverse animal models, exerting an abscopal effect on distant tumors. Intratumoral administration improved responsiveness to anti-CTLA4 treatment, while systemic delivery showcased the potential of CpG ODN-loaded nanoparticles in transforming cancer immunotherapy.

Figure 1. Immunostimulatory CpG ODNs were encapsulated in nanocomplexes using tandem peptides, as illustrated by the researchers. DLS and TEM analyses showcased the successful formulation of iTPNCs with various ratios of peptides to CpG ODN cargoes, encompassing TLR9 ligands ODN 1585, ODN 1826, and ODN 2395, along with TLR ligands poly(I:C), ssPolyU, and ORN Sa19. (Buss CG, et al., 2022)

Case Study 2

Pancreatic islet transplantation shows promise as a potential cure for type 1 diabetes (T1D). In their study, researchers found that liver NK1.1 cells crucially induce allograft tolerance in a T1D mouse model by producing IL-22, improving allograft survival and insulin secretion. Enhanced NKG2A expression in liver NK1.1 cells in islet allografts reduces inflammatory responses. Using the CpG oligonucleotide TLR9 agonist (ODN 1585) in T1D mice vaccination expands IL-22-producing CD3-NK1.1 cells, prolonging islet allograft survival. This study reveals the vital role of liver NK1.1 cells, IL-22, and CpG oligonucleotides in promoting tolerance to islet allografts in the liver parenchyma.

Figure 2. The enhancement of IL-22 production by liver NK1.1 cells in C57BL/6 mice and the expansion of IL-22-producing CD3-NK1.1 cells in T1D mice following immunization with the TLR9 agonist ODN 1585 were observed by the researchers. These effects were confirmed through flow cytometry analysis, highlighting the potential of CpG ODN for immune response modulation. (Tripathi D, et al., 2016)

Case Study 3

Researchers explored the immuno-synergistic oligodeoxynucleotide (iSN-ODN) iSN34, derived from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) genomic sequences, in combination with CpG ODN to enhance immune response. Using pathogen-free mice, they observed a significant stimulatory effect of iSN34, leading to increased interleukin (IL)-6 expression, a cytokine crucial for preventing epithelial apoptosis during inflammation. This study marks the first documentation of a bacterial-DNA-derived ODN demonstrating immune synergistic activity. The potent IL-6 over-expression suggests a promising avenue for immune therapy, potentially revolutionizing strategies for innate and adaptive immune system dysfunctions. The CpG ODN and iSN34 combination holds clinical implications, introducing a novel approach to immunotherapy.

Figure 3. The optimal concentration of CpG ODNs was determined using iSN34 by the researchers. Mouse splenocytes were pre-incubated and exposed to iSN34 in combination with CpG-B or control ODN 1612. IL-6 mRNA levels were assessed, revealing the synergistic effects of iSN34 with various CpG ODNs. (Nigar S, et al., 2017)

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