GFP Adeno-Associated Virus ( AAV-DLSNLTR )

AAV vectors are derived from adeno-associated viruses. AAVs are replication-deficient members of the Parvoviridae family and belong to the genus Dependoparvovirus. They were discovered in the 1960s as laboratory contamination of adenovirus (AdV) preparations. This close association also exists in nature and is based on the dependence of AAV on helper virus functions to produce progeny. Later, endogenous AAV sequences were also detected in various vertebrates, including humans and non-human primates. Although naturally occurring AAVs vary in the amino acid sequence of their capsid proteins and genome length, all AAVs consist of an icosahedral protein capsid assembled from 60 subunits that protects the single-stranded DNA genome and mediates cell infection. To date, no disease has been directly associated with AAV infection. Other advantageous features for gene therapy include high stability, low immunogenicity, relatively easy vector construction, ability to transduce both dividing and non-dividing cells, and a wide range of cell types that can be transduced after exposure. GFP AAV-APVTRPA is unique in its capsid engineering and modification. The capsid is the viral protein shell that encloses the viral genome and is derived from adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (AAV2). However, this capsid has been carefully engineered to contain a specific peptide sequence, APVTRPA, inserted into position 588 (I588) of the capsid protein. By incorporating the APVTRPA peptide, researchers have adapted the virus to preferentially bind to receptors or molecules that are overexpressed on the surface of tumor cells. This specificity not only increases the efficiency of gene delivery to the desired cells, but also minimizes off-target effects, improving the overall safety and efficacy of the treatment.