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Solute carrier (SLC) transporters facilitate the import and export of a variety of small molecules across biological membranes, controlling fundamental physiological functions from nutrient uptake to drug absorption and disposition. SLC transporters are widely present and abundant in the body. They act as a barrier to protect organs such as the intestines and placenta, and are also prevalent in major metabolic organs such as the liver and kidneys, and even in endocrine organs. Furthermore, increasing evidence suggests that various types of immune cells express individual SLC transporters that may influence cellular decisions, including development, homeostasis, and activation/differentiation. At least half of SLCs are associated with human diseases, including diabetes, gout, asthma, hypertension, psychiatric disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic kidney disease, cancer, and a host of inborn errors of metabolism, highlighting their medical relevance and therapeutic significance. Interest in SLC-directed drug discovery is rapidly increasing as SLCs are increasingly recognized as suitable drug targets.
Our SLC Transporter Stable Cell Lines
Transfected stable cell lines are important research tools for drug discovery, compound screening, and gene therapy research. By integrating exogenous plasmid DNA into the host cell chromosome, a transfected stable cell line is constructed so that the host cell can express the target protein for a long time. With decades of experience in cell line engineering and drug discovery, Creative Biogene has accessioned a large collection of cell lines that possess overexpression SLC transporters such as SLC25, MTCH1, and SLC35.
Key Features of Our SLC Transporter Stable Cell Lines
To maintain cell viability and support the requirements for proliferation, the cell's molecular building blocks are continuously generated, utilized, and exchanged between the extracellular environment and intracellular compartments. Several families of transmembrane transport proteins, including solute carriers (SLCs), water channels, ion channels, and ATP-driven pumps, are capable of exchanging water, ions, nutrients, and metabolites across cell membranes. The SLC family contains more than 450 genes and is the second-largest membrane protein family in the human genome. These transporters play a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and are essential for various physiological processes.
Figure 1. SLC transporters mediate many important physiological functions. (Song W, Li D, et al. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, 2020)
There is growing evidence that most drugs and steroid hormones may require transport proteins to enter cells. Since the expression of some SLCs is restricted to certain tissues and cell types, it should be possible to tailor compounds by SLC affinity to target specific cell populations. Tailoring compounds for specific SLC-mediated drug delivery is also a promising strategy to enable drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier. SLC transporter stable cell lines have emerged as a powerful tool for studying transporter-mediated drug interactions and understanding transporter biology in drug disposition.
Applications for SLC transporter stable cell lines include:
Case Study 1
Common variants in the solute carrier family 39 member 6 gene (SLC39A6) are associated with survival time in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). By studying ESCC samples and cell lines, the researchers studied the function of SLC39A6 and how this variant affects tumor progression. Studies have shown that ESCC cell lines overexpressing SLC39A6 upregulate the expression of MMP1, MMP3, MYC, and SLUG and form metastatic xenograft tumors in mice. Upregulation of SLC39A6 may be used to determine the prognosis of ESCC patients or serve as a therapeutic target.
Figure 2. Effect of SLC39A6 expression on ESCC cell invasiveness in vitro. SLC39A6 overexpressing cells (A and B) or knockdown (C and D) cells were cultured in the upper chamber with serum-free medium for 24 hours and suffered migration and invasion respectively. In transwell experiments, the researchers observed that overexpression of SLC39A6 significantly increased the migration and invasion abilities of ESCC cells (A and B), while knockdown of SLC39A6 resulted in a significant decrease in these abilities (C and D). (Cheng X, et al., 2017)
Case Study 2
Organic Cation Transporter 1 (OCT1, gene symbol: SLC22A1) is predominantly expressed in the liver and localized to the basolateral membrane of human hepatocytes. Genome-wide association studies have identified an association between isobutyrylcarnitine (IBC) and OCT1 genotypes. Here, IBC formation and trafficking were studied in cell lines overexpressing OCT1 and its natural variants. Studies have shown that in overexpressing hOCT1 cells, IBC uptake does not exhibit saturable transport characteristics.
Figure 3. In vitro uptake and efflux experiments with carnitine, isobutyrylcarnitine, or valine. (Jensen O, et al. 2021)
Q: What are SLC transporters?
A: SLC transporters, also known as solute carrier transporters, are a superfamily of membrane proteins that are involved in the transport of various solutes across cell membranes.
Q: How many genes in humans encode for solute carrier transporters?
A: There are currently more than 400 identified members in the SLC superfamily, each with its specific substrates and tissue distribution. There are 52 families of SLC transporters divided into two main groups: organic and inorganic solute carriers.
Q: What are the transport mechanisms of SLC transporters?
A: The most common mechanism used by SLC transporters is facilitated diffusion, where the transporter protein allows the solute to move down its concentration gradient without the need for energy expenditure. Another mechanism employed by SLC transporters is secondary active transport, where the movement of one solute is coupled to the movement of another solute against its concentration gradient. This mechanism requires the expenditure of energy in the form of ATP.
Q: What diseases are implicated with SLC transporters?
A: Given the essential role of SLC transporters in various physiological processes, dysregulation or mutations in these transporters can contribute to the development of diseases. Many genetic disorders have been associated with alterations in SLC transporter genes. Cystinuria, a kidney stone disorder, is caused by mutations in the SLC3A1 and SLC7A9 transporters, leading to impaired cystine reabsorption.
| Cat.No. | Product Name | Price |
|---|---|---|
| CSC-RO01235 | Human SLC6A3 Stable Cell Line - HEK293 | Inquiry |
| CSC-RO02429 | Human SLC34A2 Stable Cell Line - CHO-K1 | Inquiry |
| CSC-RO02433 | Human SLC34A2 Stable Cell Line - NIH3T3 | Inquiry |
| CSC-RO02456 | Human SLC4A7 Stable Cell Line - CHOK1 | Inquiry |
| CSC-RO02457 | Human SLC9A1 Stable Cell Line - CHOK1 | Inquiry |
| CSC-RO02458 | Mouse SLC4A4 Stable Cell Line - HEK293 | Inquiry |
| CSC-RO02459 | Mouse SLC9A1 Stable Cell Line - HEK293 | Inquiry |
| CSC-RO02521 | Monkey SLC34A2 Stable Cell Line - HEK293 | Inquiry |
| CSC-RO02522 | Monkey SLC34A2 Stable Cell Line - CHO-K1 | Inquiry |
| CSC-RO02540 | Human SLCO1B3 Stable Cell Line - HEK293 | Inquiry |
| CSC-RO02541 | Human SLC22A8 Stable Cell Line - HEK293 | Inquiry |
| CSC-RO02542 | Human SLC47A2 Stable Cell Line - HEK293 | Inquiry |
| CSC-RO02543 | Human SLC47A1 Stable Cell Line - HEK293 | Inquiry |
| CSC-RO02555 | Human SLC22A6 Stable Cell Line - HEK293 | Inquiry |
| CSC-RO02556 | Human SLC22A8 Stable Cell Line - HEK293 | Inquiry |
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