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Messenger RNA (mRNA) has emerged as a new category of therapeutic agent and has shown therapeutic potential in a range of applications, including viral vaccines, protein replacement therapies, cancer immunotherapies, cellular reprogramming, and genome editing. To achieve therapeutic effects, mRNA requires safe, effective, and stable delivery systems that protect the nucleic acid from degradation and that allow cellular uptake and mRNA release. With the approval of mRNA vaccines, Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are recognized as the most successful mRNA delivery vehicles. LNPs can not only effectively deliver mRNA to specific target cells to prevent mRNA from being degraded or cleared but also help mRNA escape from cellular endosomes to the cytoplasm in a timely manner and be translated into corresponding proteins.
Fig 1. Illustration of lipid nanoparticle and its compositions. [1]
LNPs are liposome-like structures, engineered for encapsulating a broad variety of nucleic acids (RNA, mRNA, siRNA, gRNA, circRNA and DNA) and APIs; LNPs consist in an aqueous core surrounded by a lipidic shell based on a combination of 4 families of chemicals: an ionizable cationic lipid, a polyethylene-glycol (PEG) lipid, cholesterol, and a helper phospholipid. The ionizable cationic lipids are used to sequester the nucleic acids through charge absorption. The PEG lipids are incorporated to increase the circulatory half-life in the body. Cholesterol is a structural "helper" lipid that improves efficacy possibly by promoting membrane fusion and promoting endosomal escape. Similarly, the helper phospholipids are also commonly used in LNP formulation to promote cell binding.
With years of professional and abundant experience, Creative Biogene can provide you with high-quality mRNA-LNP encapsulation service which can offer you optimal particle sizes, high encapsulation efficiencies, and low surface charge particles to help you deliver your target molecules. Creative Biogene is a reliable partner that can work with you to accelerate the speed to achieve your research goals.
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