Watermelon Transformation Service
Capitalizing on years of plant transformation expertise and an advanced technical platform, Creative Biogene has developed a robust and reproducible transformation system tailored to watermelon. Our services are ideal for gene function analysis, resistance gene introduction, and new cultivar development, offering strong technical support for both research and commercial applications.
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family and has significant economic value. It is highly favored for its sweet, juicy fruit and wide varietal diversity, which drives increasing breeding demands. However, conventional breeding is constrained by long cycles, low efficiency, and poor trait stability. Genetic transformation presents a promising alternative for trait improvement, resistance gene incorporation, and mechanistic studies, though consistently low transformation efficiency has limited its broader application.
Despite ongoing research efforts, reported transformation efficiencies in watermelon generally remain below 2%, often confined to specific genotypes or laboratory conditions. Factors such as explant type, hormonal balance, bacterial strain, and co-cultivation conditions significantly impact transformation success. A reproducible and broadly applicable transformation platform is thus essential.

Service Overview
Creative Biogene offers a streamlined and customizable Citrullus lanatus transformation workflow, suitable for gene discovery, trait engineering, candidate gene validation, and gene-editing applications. Our end-to-end service includes vector construction, explant preparation, transformation, regeneration, molecular validation, and stable line recovery.
1. Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation
We utilize an optimized Agrobacterium-mediated approach using cotyledonary node or hypocotyl segment explants. These tissues undergo pre-induction treatments to activate cell division potential and establish a highly responsive shoot organogenesis system, minimizing callus formation and promoting efficient regeneration.
Strains such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 or GV3101 are commonly used, carrying binary vectors harboring target genes. Infection and co-cultivation parameters are systematically optimized for maximal T-DNA delivery and expression. Customization of vectors, promoters, and selection markers is supported based on project requirements.
2. Molecular Validation Services
To ensure the authenticity and expression of transgenes, we provide comprehensive molecular verification, including:
- PCR/qPCR: To detect gene integration and quantify expression levels
- RT-PCR/Northern blot: To analyze transcript abundance and integrity
- Southern blot: To determine the T-DNA copy number and insertion pattern
- GUS staining/GFP imaging: To assess tissue-specific expression activity
Optional downstream analyses such as transcriptomics, DNA methylation profiling, and expression product quantification are also available, supporting full-chain validation from gene to phenotype.
3. Advanced Customization Options
We offer a suite of advanced transformation solutions tailored to your project goals, including:
- Genome editing for gene knockout/knock-in strategies
- GRF-GIF and BBM/WUS transcription factors to enhance transformation efficiency in recalcitrant genotypes
- Tissue-specific and inducible promoters for controlled gene expression
- Virus-based expression vectors/VIGS systems for transient expression and rapid functional analysis
Technical Advantages
- Optimized regeneration system: Significantly improved shoot induction and regeneration rates
- Multi-factor precision control: Comprehensive tuning of genotype, explant type, hormonal balance, and bacterial conditions
- Visual marker integration: Combined GFP screening and PCR-based selection for accurate identification
- Rich experience in cucurbit transformation: Deep understanding of watermelon genetics and regeneration behavior
- Reliable and traceable results: Stringent quality control ensures the reproducibility and traceability of every batch
Application Areas
- Pathogen resistance: Introduction of genes conferring resistance to Fusarium wilt, anthracnose, etc.
- Abiotic stress tolerance: Enhancement of drought, salinity, and low-temperature resilience
- Nutritional trait improvement: Genetic modulation of sugar metabolism, pigmentation, and nutritional compounds
- Functional genomics: Discovery and analysis of pathways related to fruit development, hormonal signaling, and stress responses
- Gene editing platform support: CRISPR-based tools for precise trait improvement
Service Workflow
- The client provides a target gene sequence or expression vector
- Selection of appropriate watermelon genotype and preparation of cotyledonary explants
- Transformation system establishment and Agrobacterium-mediated infection
- Shoot induction, rooting, and regeneration protocols execution
- Positive screening and molecular characterization of transformants
- Delivery of full experimental report and validated transgenic lines
Case Study

Contact Us
Suppose you require specialized vector construction, promoter engineering, or transformation enhancement through regeneration regulators such as BBM/WUS or GRF-GIF. In that case, Creative Biogene will provide a tailored, project-specific technical solution to ensure optimal outcomes.
References:
- Pan W, Cheng Z, Han Z, et al. Efficient genetic transformation and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing of watermelon assisted by genes encoding developmental regulators. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2022;23(4):339-344.
- Zlobin NE, Lebedeva MV, Taranov VV. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing through in planta transformation. Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2020;40(2):153-168.
* For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.