The EGFR-T790M/L861Q gene mutation is a specific alteration that occurs in the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) gene, which is responsible for coding the EGFR protein. This protein is a type of receptor tyrosine kinase that plays a critical role in cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation in response to the binding of epidermal growth factors.
The EGFR-T790M/L861Q mutation is a complex mutation that involves two specific alterations: T790M and L861Q. The T790M mutation occurs at amino acid 790, resulting in the substitution of threonine with methionine. The L861Q mutation occurs at amino acid 861, leading to the substitution of leucine with glutamine. These alterations collectively impact the structure and function of the EGFR protein, causing its constitutive activation and promoting cell growth, survival, and migration.
This specific mutation is of significant concern in the context of acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors, such as gefitinib and erlotinib, which are commonly used in the treatment of EGFR-mutant lung cancers. The EGFR-T790M/L861Q mutation can develop over time as a result of selective pressure from EGFR inhibitor therapy, leading to treatment resistance and limited treatment options for patients.
Understanding the mechanisms underlying the EGFR-T790M/L861Q mutation and its impact on cancer progression is crucial for the development of new targeted therapies. Research on this mutation is ongoing, and efforts are being made to identify inhibitors or combination treatments that can effectively overcome the resistance caused by this mutation, providing improved outcomes for patients with EGFR-mutant cancers.
Especially T790M and L861Q, EGFR mutations are often linked to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and cause resistance to first- and second-generation EGFR inhibitors. Examining SH-1028, a unique third-generation EGFR TKI, the researchers assessed its efficacy against both EGFR-sensitive and -resistant mutations including T790M and L861Q. With considerably stronger efficacy against L858R/T790M mutants than wild-type EGFR, SH-1028 showed strong suppression of mutant EGFR kinases in enzymatic tests. Without inducing notable weight loss, in vivo studies revealed that SH-1028 drastically slowed tumor development in xenograft models with EGFR mutations—including the resistant T790M mutant.
Figure 1. The researchers evaluated the preliminary efficacy of SH-1028 by conducting a kinase inhibition assay against various EGFR mutations, including WT, L858R, d746-750, L861Q, T790M/L858R, and T790M/d746-750. (Han L, et al., 2021)
Creative Biogene's Human EGFR-T790M/L861Q Stable Cell Line-Ba/F3 may be used to explore EGFR inhibitors, especially new medicines targeting these mutations. This cell line may help researchers study drug resistance and improve EGFR-targeted medicines.
Customer Q&As
What is the EGFR-T790M/L861Q gene and its relevance to cancer therapy resistance?
A: The EGFR-T790M/L861Q gene represents a specific mutation in the EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) gene, which is associated with resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and other cancers. The T790M and L861Q mutations occur in the tyrosine kinase domain of the EGFR protein, leading to drug resistance by activating alternative signaling pathways.
How do the T790M and L861Q mutations affect EGFR function?
A: The T790M and L861Q mutations in the EGFR protein affect its function by altering the kinase domain. These changes can lead to increased kinase activity, which in turn promotes uncontrolled cell growth and survival. The T790M mutation specifically confers resistance to first-line EGFR inhibitors like gefitinib and erlotinib.
Are there any therapeutic implications of targeting the EGFR-T790M/L861Q mutation?
A: Targeting the EGFR-T790M/L861Q mutation has significant therapeutic implications. Inhibitors that can overcome the resistance caused by these mutations, such as osimertinib (Tagrisso), are used to treat patients with NSCLC and this specific mutation. These drugs can lead to tumor regression and improve patient outcomes in the second-line setting.
How is the EGFR-T790M/L861Q mutation detected and diagnosed?
A: The EGFR-T790M/L861Q mutation is detected through molecular diagnostic techniques such as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and next-generation sequencing (NGS). These methods can identify the specific T790M and L861Q mutations, allowing for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning for patients with NSCLC and acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors.
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Functional Research
The Human EGFR-T790M/L861Q Stable Cell Line-Ba/F3 is a reliable tool for studying EGFR mutation-driven tumors, providing consistent and valuable insights into cancer biology.
Technical Support and Documentation
The cell line comes with comprehensive documentation and accessible technical support, facilitating successful experimentation and troubleshooting for researchers.
Ethical Compliance
The Human EGFR-T790M/L861Q Stable Cell Line-Ba/F3 is ethically sourced and adheres to relevant regulations, ensuring responsible and ethical research practices.
Safety
The cell line is designed for safe handling and cultivation in the laboratory, reducing the risk of contamination and genetic alterations, and promoting a secure research environment.
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