scFv(CD33)-41BB-CD3zeta CAR-T Lentivirus

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy is an innovative immunotherapy that harnesses the power of a patient''s own immune system to target and eliminate cancer cells. The fundamental principle of CAR-T therapy is to genetically engineer T cells (a type of white blood cell) to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that specifically recognizes tumor cell antigens. These CARs typically consist of an extracellular domain for antigen recognition, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular signaling domain that activates T cell proliferation and cytotoxicity upon antigen binding. CAR gene delivery to T cells is typically performed using lentiviral vectors, which are derived from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Lentiviruses are particularly advantageous for gene delivery because they integrate into the host genome, resulting in stable and persistent expression of the CAR in modified T cells.

The scFv(CD33)-41BB-CD3zeta CAR-T lentivirus represents a unique and advanced advancement in CAR-T therapy. It targets CD33, a glycoprotein commonly found on the surface of myeloid cells, particularly those expressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The CAR construct utilizes a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from a monoclonal antibody with high affinity for CD33, which can specifically recognize and bind to malignant cells expressing this antigen. The addition of the co-stimulatory domain 41BB can enhance the activation, proliferation and persistence of T cells, thereby improving efficacy. The CD3zeta domain is critical for transmitting intracellular signals that initiate T cell activation and cytotoxicity after binding to the target antigen. Using a lentiviral vector to deliver the scFv (CD33)-41BB-CD3zeta construct, the modified T cells are able to achieve stable expression of the CAR, which is critical for sustained anti-tumor activity.