Cat.No. : VNV-031
Storage: -80°C Shipping: Dry ice
| Cat. No. | VNV-031 |
| Description | Wild-type rubella viruses which are prepared from cell cultures and are inactivated by Tween-ether treatment. This product is intended for research use only. |
| Shipping | Dry ice |
| Storage | -80°C |
| Creative Biogene ensures high-quality lentivirus particles by optimizing and standardizing production protocols and performing stringent quality control (QC). The specific QC experiments performed vary between lentivirus particle lots. | |
| Mycoplasma | Creative Biogene routinely tests for mycoplasma contamination using a mycoplasma detection kit. Cell lines are maintained for approximately 20 passages before being discarded and replaced with a new vial of early passage cells. Approximately 2 weeks after thawing, cell culture supernatants are tested for mycoplasma contamination. Creative Biogene ensures that lentiviral products are free of mycoplasma contamination. |
| Purity | Creative Biogene evaluates the level of impurities, such as residual host cell DNA or proteins, in prepared lentiviral vectors to ensure they meet quality standards. |
| Sterility | The lentiviral samples were inoculated into cell culture medium for about 5 days and the growth of bacteria and fungi was tested. Creative Biogene ensures that the lentiviral products are free of microbial contamination. |
| Transducibility | Upon requirement, Creative Biogene can perform in vitro or in vivo transduction assays to evaluate the ability of lentivirus to deliver genetic material into target cells, and assess gene expression and functional activities. |
| Proviral Identity Confirmation | All Creative Biogene lentiviral vectors are confirmed to have correctly integrated provirus using PCR. This test involves transducing cells with serial dilutions of the lentiviral vector, harvesting the cells a few days later, and isolating genomic DNA. This DNA is then used as a template to amplify a portion of the expected lentiviral insert. |
Previous studies have shown that first-trimester trophoblasts are resistant to rubella virus (RuV). Given that the incidence of congenital rubella syndrome in the first eight weeks of pregnancy is as high as 90%, RuV infection of first-trimester trophoblasts is considered key to opening the door to the mechanism of placental transmission. This study aimed to verify the susceptibility/resistance of first-trimester trophoblast cell lines HTR-8/SVneo and Swan.71 to RuV. Cells cultured in multiwell plates were challenged with clinical strains of RuV at a multiplicity of infection of 5 to 10 for 3 hours. Infectivity was studied by immunofluorescence (IF) assay and flow cytometry (FCM) analysis. Supernatants collected after infection were used to determine the production of viral progeny. Scattered signals of RuV infection in these cells were observed by IF assay, and FCM analysis showed that an average of 4-5% of gated cells were infected with RuV. In addition, a small but significant production of viral progeny was observed. In conclusion, the researchers determined that RuV has low infectivity in first-trimester trophoblast cell lines but did not induce resistance as previously reported.
In this study, immunofluorescence (IF) detection revealed that RuV capsid protein was dispersedly localized in early pregnancy trophoblasts. The IF signal density of the studied trophoblasts was much lower than that of the positive control A549 and Vero cells. In addition, the IF signals often appeared in smaller spots, which means that the replication of RuV in these infected trophoblasts may be limited (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Microscopic images of first trimester trophoblast cells infected with RuV. Cells were fixed 48 h post-infection and labeled with mouse monoclonal anti-rubella virus capsid antibody followed by Alexa 488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (H + L) secondary antibody (green). Cell nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). A549 and Vero cells were used as positive controls. Trophoblast cells mock-infected, incubated with inactivated RuV (Inactivated Wild-Type Rubella Virus), or stained with mouse serum were used as negative controls. Images are representative of 3 independent experiments. RuV-C, rubella virus capsid; NC, negative control using inactivated RuV; PC, positive control. (Pham N T K, et al., 2022)
A: The wild-type rubella virus refers to the naturally occurring strain of the virus found in the environment. It is an important research tool used to study the virus's biology, pathogenesis, and develop diagnostic tests or vaccines.
A: Yes, our Wild-Type Rubella Virus is safe to handle in a properly equipped laboratory by trained personnel following standard biosafety protocols. It is provided with detailed documentation and safety guidelines to ensure the well-being of researchers and compliance with regulatory requirements.
A: The rubella virus, also known as German measles, is a contagious viral infection caused by the rubella virus.
A: The genome of Rubella Virus has 9,762 nucleotides and encodes 2 nonstructural polypeptides (p150 and p90) within its 5′-terminal two-thirds and 3 structural polypeptides (C, E2, and E1) within its 3′-terminal one-third.
A: The virion of the Rubella Virus has a diameter of 50 to 70 nm and is covered by a lipid membrane (viral envelope), derived from the host cell membrane. Prominent "spikes" (projections) of 6 nm are composed of the viral envelope proteins E1 and E2 embedded in the membrane.
A: Most people who contract rubella virus experience mild symptoms, such as a low-grade fever, sore throat, headache, and a rash that starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body.
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I have been using Wild-Type Rubella Virus products from this company for my research on vaccine development, and I am extremely satisfied with their products. Their virus strains are highly infectious, allowing us to accurately evaluate the efficacy of our vaccine candidates.
Creative Biogene's Rubella virus strains are reliable and produce consistent results for our experiments. They have a wide range of strains available and provide excellent support whenever we have any technical inquiries. I highly recommend this company.
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