Cat.No. : AAV00108Z
Titer: ≥1x10^12 GC/mL / ≥1x10^13 GC/mL Size: 30 ul/100 ul/500 ul/1 ml
Serotype: AAV Serotype 9 Storage: -80 ℃
| Cat. No. | AAV00108Z |
| Description | CAG-ChR2-YFP AAV (Serotype 9) is the serotype 9 AAV which express Channelrhodopsin-2 under CAG promoter with YFP tag.Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of opsin proteins that function as light-gated ion channels and very useful for many bioengineering and neuroscience applications such as photostimulation of neurons for probing of neural circuits. Using a Yellow Fluorescent Protein (YFP) tagged ChR2, light-stimulated axons and synapses can be identified in intact brain tissue. This is useful to study the molecular events during the induction of synaptic plasticity. ChR2 has also been used to map long-range connections from one side of the brain to the other, and to map the spatial location of specific inputs on the dendritic tree of individual neurons. |
| Serotype | AAV Serotype 9 |
| Target Gene | CAG-ChR2-YFP |
| Product Type | Adeno-associated virus |
| Titer | Varies lot by lot, typically ≥1x10^12 GC/mL |
| Size | Varies lot by lot, for example, 30 μL, 50 μL, 100 μL etc. |
| Storage | Store at -80℃. Avoid multiple freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Shipping | Frozen on dry ice |
| Creative Biogene ensures high-quality AAV particles by optimizing and standardizing production protocols and performing stringent quality control (QC). The specific QC experiments performed vary between AAV particle lots. | |
| Endotoxin | Endotoxins, primarily derived from Gram-negative bacteria, can trigger adverse immune responses. Endotoxin contamination is a significant concern in the production of AAV, especially for applications in animal studies and gene therapy. Effective endotoxin quality control is essential in the development and manufacturing of AAV particles. Creative Biogene utilizes rigorous endotoxin detection methods to monitor the endotoxin level in our produced AAV particles to ensure regulatory compliance. |
| Purity | AAV purity is critical for ensuring the safety and efficacy of AAV-based applications.AAV capsids are composed of three main protein components, known as viral proteins: VP1, VP2, and VP3. These proteins play a critical role in the structure and functionality of the AAV capsid. Monitoring the VP1, VP2, and VP3 content in AAV preparations is essential for quality control in AAV production. Our AAV particles are tested for showing three clear bands of VP1, VP2 VP3 by SDS-PAGE. |
| Sterility | The AAV virus samples are inoculated into the cell culture medium for about 5 days to detect bacterial and fungal growth. |
| Transducibility | Upon requirement, Creative Biogene can perform in vitro or in vivo transduction assays to evaluate the ability of AAV to deliver genetic material into target cells or tissues, and assess gene expression and functional activities. |
| Empty vs. Full Capsids | Based-on our proprietary AAV production and purification technology, Creative Biogene can always offer AAV particles with high ratio of full capsids. If required, we can also assess the ratio for a specifc lot of AAV particles by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) or other methods. |
Altered cortical excitatory-inhibitory (E-I) balance due to abnormal parvalbumin interneuron (PV IN) function is a pathophysiological mechanism in schizophrenia and other major psychiatric disorders. Preclinical studies suggest that disrupted-in-schizophrenia-1 (Disc1) is a useful molecular clue to address the biology of prefrontal cortex (PFC)-dependent cognition and PV IN function. Here, researchers used the Disc1 LI mouse model to study E-I balance in the medial PFC (mPFC) circuit. Disc1 LI mice were found to have significantly reduced inhibition of layer 2/3 excitatory pyramidal neurons in the mPFC. This reduced inhibition is accompanied by reduced GABA release from local PV but not somatostatin (SOM) IN release and impaired feedforward inhibition (FFI) of the medial thalamic (MD) to mPFC circuit. The discovery of a mechanism for PV IN dysfunction in the Disc1 LI model provides insights into biology that may be relevant to neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia.
Here, the researchers injected AAV-ChR2-YFP into the MD of Disc1 LI mice and their WT littermates. After sufficient levels of viral expression were achieved, acute brain slices were prepared from these mice, and excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission on dACC L3 PNs after optogenetic stimulation of MD axons were recorded (Figure 1A, B). The study found that the contribution of inhibitory synaptic transmission to total synaptic input (measured as IPSCpeak/(IPSCpeak+EPSCpeak) or Ipeak/(Ipeak+Epeak)) was significantly lower in Disc1 LI mice than in WT mice when comparing the averages of the two groups of animals (Figure 1D) or the averages of the two groups of neurons (Figure 1E). In addition, the slope of the linear regression describing the relationship between the peak amplitudes of IPSC and EPSC of individual neurons in Disc1 LI mice was significantly lower than that in WT mice (Figure 3F). The latency (Figure G-I) and kinetics of EPSCs (Figure J, K) and IPSCs (Figure L, M) in Disc1 LI mice were similar to those in WT mice. Together, these results suggest that Disc1 LI is associated with a reduction in MD-driven FFI in the mPFC.
Figure 1. Reduced FFI in the MD–mPFC circuit in Disc1 LI mice. (Delevich K, et al., 2020)
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Every batch we’ve ordered of the CAG-ChR2-YFP AAV (Serotype 9) has been of consistent quality. The predictable performance has facilitated our research planning and execution, reducing the need for repetitive validation work.
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