CD70

Official Full Name

CD70 molecule

Organism

Homo sapiens

GeneID

970

Background

The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family. This cytokine is a ligand for TNFRSF27/CD27. It is a surface antigen on activated, but not on resting, T and B lymphocytes. It induces proliferation of costimulated T cells, enhances the generation of cytolytic T cells, and contributes to T cell activation. This cytokine is also reported to play a role in regulating B-cell activation, cytotoxic function of natural killer cells, and immunoglobulin sythesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Synonyms

CD27L; LPFS3; CD27-L; CD27LG; TNFSF7; TNLG8A;

Bio Chemical Class

Cytokine: tumor necrosis factor

Protein Sequence

MPEEGSGCSVRRRPYGCVLRAALVPLVAGLVICLVVCIQRFAQAQQQLPLESLGWDVAELQLNHTGPQQDPRLYWQGGPALGRSFLHGPELDKGQLRIHRDGIYMVHIQVTLAICSSTTASRHHPTTLAVGICSPASRSISLLRLSFHQGCTIASQRLTPLARGDTLCTNLTGTLLPSRNTDETFFGVQWVRP

Open

Disease

Acute myeloid leukaemia, B-cell lymphoma, Diabetes mellitus, Malignant haematopoietic neoplasm, Mature T-cell lymphoma, Melanoma, Myelodysplastic syndrome, Ovarian cancer, Pancreatic cancer, Renal cell carcinoma, Solid tumour/cancer

Approved Drug

Clinical Trial Drug

11 +

Discontinued Drug

1 +

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price

Cat.No.	Product Name	Tag	Price

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price

Detailed Information

The CD70 gene encodes the CD70 protein, a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. To engage in T cell activation and proliferation, it hooks itself to CD27, its receptor. With modest expression levels seen in most normal tissues, CD70 is mainly expressed on the surface of activated T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells. CD70 increases T cell immunological responses, generates cytotoxic T cells, and stimulates B cell activation via interacting with the CD27 receptor. Particularly in controlling viral infections (such as Epstein-Barr virus infections) and tumor immune responses, research indicates that CD70 is very essential for regulating T cell activity and immunological surveillance.

CD70 and the Immune System

By interacting with CD27, CD70 helps to activate antigen-specific T cells, hence aiding B cell immune surveillance. It is very important in T and B cell activation. In addition to helping T cell activation, CD70 stimulates the proliferation of CD8+ T cells and antigen-specific immune responses therefore improving tumor immune surveillance.

Regarding immunological tolerance and immune evasion, CD70 functions both in both directions. One may argue that it stimulates immunological responses and increases the capacity of the immune system to fight infections and tumors. Conversely, in the tumor microenvironment, it may attract immune-suppressive cells (such as tumor-associated macrophages and regulatory T cells), therefore enabling immune evasion and tumor growth. For instance, certain forms of tumor cells overexpress CD70, therefore triggering an immune-suppressive milieu and aggravating immunological escape from the tumor.

CD70 and B Cell Tumors

CD70 plays an important role in various B cell-related malignancies, especially in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The most often occurring kind of adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma is DLBCL, and while present conventional therapies greatly increase patient outcomes, over one-third of patients still suffer from relapsed or drug-resistant illnesses. Research on the activation, proliferation, and immunological surveillance of B cells reveals that the connection between CD70 and CD27 is very essential. Research on DLBCL finds that tumor cell growth and survival are tightly correlated with CD70 expression.

Particularly in antiviral immunity, the absence or mutation of CD70 may compromise T cell activity in DLBCL, hence producing reduced immunological responses. Patients with CD70 deficiency, for instance, often get Hodgkin lymphoma and Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases. This implies that, especially in protection against viral infections, CD70 is very essential in T cell-mediated immune responses.

CD70's Role in Tumor Immune Evasion

Apart from its function in B cell tumors, CD70 is extensively investigated for expression in various malignancies. For glioblastoma (GBM), for example, CD70 expression is intimately linked to tumor invasiveness and immune evasion. Not only does overexpression of CD70 improve the tumor's capacity to avoid immunological responses, but it also attracts immune-suppressive cells (such as regulatory T cells and tumor-associated macrophages), hence furthering immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. Research indicates that in GBM, too strong activation of the CD70/CD27 pathway is intimately correlated with tumor cell proliferation and metastases.

Furthermore, clear evidence of CD70's function in tumor immune evasion is its capacity to induce the mobilization and activation of immune-suppressive cells. For instance, overexpression of CD70 might cause Foxp3+CD4+CD25-T cells to develop, usually connected with tumor immune evasion and resistance. In cancer immunotherapy, thus, stopping the CD70/CD27 pathway is seen as a possible treatment approach.

Figure 1 illustrates how CD70-CD27 signaling regulates Th17 cell differentiation by enhancing JNK phosphorylation in activated CD4+ T cells, which suppresses IL-17 production and Th17 cell overactivation, helping maintain immune system homeostasis. Figure 1. Role of CD70-CD27 Signaling in the Control of Th17 Cell Differentiation. (Wang X, et al., 2013)

Clinical Applications and Therapeutic Prospects of CD70

As a potential target for immunotherapy, CD70 has garnered widespread attention. A key focus of the study now is on the CD70/CD27 signaling pathway in cancer immunotherapy. Blocking the CD70/CD27 pathway might help to improve the monitoring of tumors by the immune system and stimulate anti-tumor immune responses. Studies have shown that overexpression of CD70 might cause immunological tolerance and T cell fatigue; so, reducing CD70 will help to restore T cell activity and improve immune responses.

Moreover, variations in CD70 expression across different tumors provide fresh chances for focused treatment. Using anti-CD70 antibodies or small molecule inhibitors, for instance, the aberrant expression of CD70 may be efficiently suppressed, hence controlling the tumor microenvironment and improving the efficacy of immunotherapy. Combining immune checkpoint inhibitors—such as anti-PD-L1 antibodies—with CD70 suppression in combination treatments may enhance tumor immunotherapy results even further.

References:

Nie M, Ren W, Ye X, et al. The dual role of CD70 in B-cell lymphomagenesis. Clin Transl Med. 2022 Dec;12(12):e1118.
Seyfrid M, Maich WT, Shaikh VM, et al. CD70 as an actionable immunotherapeutic target in recurrent glioblastoma and its microenvironment. J Immunother Cancer. 2022;10(1):e003289.
Wang X, Dong C. The CD70-CD27 axis, a new brake in the T helper 17 cell response. Immunity. 2013 Jan 24;38(1):1-3.

Quick Inquiry

Interested in learning more?

Contact us today for a free consultation with the scientific team and discover how Creative Biogene can be a valuable resource and partner for your organization.

Request a quote today!

Inquiry