CAMTA1

Official Full Name

calmodulin binding transcription activator 1

Organism

Homo sapiens

GeneID

23261

Background

The protein encoded by this gene contains a CG1 DNA-binding domain, a transcription factor immunoglobulin domain, ankyrin repeats, and calmodulin-binding IQ motifs. The encoded protein is thought to be a transcription factor and may be a tumor suppressor. However, a translocation event is sometimes observed between this gene and the WWTR1 gene, with the resulting WWTR1-CAMTA1 oncoprotein leading to epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, a malignant vascular cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]

Synonyms

CECBA; CANPMR;

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Detailed Information

Recent Research Progress

Calmodulin-binding transcriptional activator 1 (CAMTA1) is located at 1p36 and is a member of the CAMTA family that is conserved in a variety of eukaryotes. It has been reported that CAMTA1 is a tumor suppressor that inhibits the proliferation of many cancer cells and cancer stem cells and activates the differentiation process.

CAMTA1 and EHE

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare malignant vascular tumor that often pursues a lazy clinical course. Recent studies indicate that the WW domain-containing transcription regulator 1 (WWTR1) – CAMTA1 fusion gene, leading to the overexpression of CAMTA1, is demonstrated in approximately 90% of EHEs, and the yes-associated protein 1–transcription factor E3 (YAP1–TFE3) fusion gene, associated with the strong and diffuse nuclear expression of TFE3, is present in another small subset of EHEs. Shibuya et al. have demonstrated that CAMTA1 is a useful immunohistochemical marker for the diagnosis of EHE and its differentiation from various epithelial-like mesenchymal, vascular and epithelial tumors, especially when molecular detection is not possible.

CAMTA1 and HCC

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common subtype of hepatic malignancies, and is characterized by poor prognosis due to cancer stem cell (CSC)-mediated high postsurgical recurrence rates. Therefore, targeting CSCs or HCC cells with CSC-like properties, is an effective strategy for HCC treatment. Ding et al. identified a novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), termed lncCAMTA1, which is increased in both liver CSC and HCC. High lncCAMTA1 expression in HCC indicates poor clinical outcome. In vitro and in vivo functional experiments showed that overexpression of lncCAMTA1 promoted HCC cell proliferation, CSC-like properties and tumorigenesis. In contrast, consumption of lncCAMTA1 inhibits HCC cell proliferation, CSC-like properties, and tumorigenesis. In mechanism, it has been demonstrated that lncCAMTA1 physically binds to the CAMTA1 promoter, induces an inhibitory chromatin structure, and inhibits CAMTA1 transcription. Furthermore, CAMTA1 is required for the effect of lncCAMTA1 on HCC cell proliferation and CSC-like properties, and the expression of lncCAMTA1 and CAMTA1 is significantly negatively correlated in HCC tissues. In conclusion, the important role of lncCAMTA1 in HCC and its underlying molecular mechanisms suggest that lncCAMTA1 may be an effective prognostic factor and potential therapeutic target for HCC.

CAMTA1 and breast cancer

LncCAMTA1 was thought to be involved in tumor progression, but its role in breast cancer remains unclear. Recent studies indicated that lncCAMTA1 might promote proliferation and migration of human breast cancer cells by binding to miR-20b. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was a direct target of miR-20b and regulated the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) and janus kinase (JAK)/ signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways. Therefore, lncCAMTA1 has potential as a new cancer diagnostic marker and a new putative therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.

In addition, related studies have shown that although the expression of CAMTA1 is found in various organs, the highest level can be seen in nerve tissues. However, there is little further data on the functional role of CAMTA1. Therefore, further study of the function of CAMTA1 and its role in various diseases has important clinical significance and value.

References:

Ryo Shibuya, et al. CAMTA1 is a useful immunohistochemical marker for diagnosing epithelioid haemangioendothelioma. Histopathology, 2015, 67: 827–835
Nimesh RP, et al. Molecular characterization of epithelioid haemangioendotheliomas identifies novel WWTR1–CAMTA1 fusion variants. Histopathology, 2015, 67: 699–70
Ding Lijuan, et al. Long Noncoding RNA lncCAMTA1 Promotes Proliferation and Cancer Stem Cell-Like Properties of Liver Cancer by Inhibiting CAMTA1. International Journal Of Molecular Sciences, 2016, 17: 1617
Lu Pengwei, et al. Long Noncoding RNA CAMTA1 Promotes Proliferation and Mobility of the Human Breast Cancer Cell Line MDA-MB-231 via targeting miR-20b. Oncology Research, 2018, 26: 625–635
Shinawi M, et al. Intragenic CAMTA1 deletions are associated with a spectrum of neurobehavioral phenotypes. Clin Genet, 2015, 87: 478–482

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