Luc-Human-CXADR Stable Cell Line - LL/2 (LLC1)

CXADR, known as Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor, is a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily identified as a cellular receptor for enteroviruses such as coxsackievirus and adenovirus. The discovery of CXADR stemmed from investigations into the mechanisms underlying viral infection and cellular entry. Initial studies focused on identifying host factors crucial for viral attachment and internalization, leading to the isolation and characterization of CXADR. Subsequent research elucidated its role not only in viral pathogenesis but also in various physiological processes, including cell-cell adhesion and signal transduction.

The development of the Luc-Human-CXADR Stable Cell Line (LLC) involved a rigorous process integrating molecular biology techniques with cell culture methodologies. Initially, human CXADR cDNA was cloned and stably integrated into host cells using viral vectors or transfection methods. Following transfection, cells expressing CXADR were selected and expanded under appropriate antibiotic selection. To enhance stability and expression levels, promoter elements and regulatory sequences were optimized. Finally, luciferase reporter genes were introduced into the CXADR-expressing cells to monitor cellular responses upon viral infection or other stimuli. The LLC serves as a valuable tool for studying CXADR-mediated viral entry mechanisms, viral-host interactions, and screening potential antiviral agents.