Cat.No. : AD00266Z
Titer: ≥1x10^10 IFU/mL / ≥1x10^11 IFU/mL / ≥1x10^11 VP/mL / ≥1x10^12 VP/mL Size: 100 ul/500 ul/1 mL
Storage: -80℃ Shipping: Frozen on dry ice
| Cat. No. | AD00266Z |
| Target Gene | TGFBR1 |
| Species | Human |
| Product Type | Adenoviral particle |
| Insert | TGFBR1 |
| Titer | Varies lot by lot, for example, ≥1x10^10 IFU/mL, ≥1x10^11 IFU/mL, ≥1x10^11 VP/mL etc. |
| Size | Varies lot by lot, for example, 250 ul, 500 ul, 1 mL etc. |
| Storage | Store at -80℃. Avoid multiple freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Shipping | Frozen on dry ice |
| Creative Biogene ensures high-quality adenovirus particles by optimizing and standardizing production protocols and performing stringent quality control (QC). The specific QC experiments performed vary between adenovirus particle lots. | |
| Endotoxin | Endotoxins, primarily derived from Gram-negative bacteria, can trigger adverse immune responses. Endotoxin contamination is a significant concern in adenovirus production, especially for applications in animal studies and gene therapy. Creative Biogene utilizes rigorous endotoxin detection methods to monitor the endotoxin level in our produced adenovirus particles to ensure regulatory compliance. |
| Sterility | Creative Biogene ensures that adenovirus products are free of any bacterial, fungal and other microbial contamination. |
| Ad5 E1 Detection | All Creative Biogene adenoviruses are PCR tested to ensure that there are no detectable E1 sequences in the particles, which could be from revertants or external E1 contamination. |
| RCA Assays | Adenovirus products originating at Creative Biogene are guaranteed to have undetectable replication-competent adenovirus (RCA). This quality control measure is important because there is always the possibility of wild-type contamination due to revertants or environmental sources. |
| PFU Titering | All purified adenovirus preparations are tested for infectious titer. Creative Biogene's PFU test takes a few days longer but counts true plaques in HEK cells rather than estimating PFU titers via IHC staining or TCI50 of infected cells. |
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration play a key role in the development of arterial remodeling in various vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and related diseases. Luteolin is a food-derived flavonoid that has protective effects against cardiovascular diseases. Here, researchers investigated whether transforming growth factor-β receptor 1 (TGFBR1) signaling underlies the inhibitory effects of luteolin on VSMC proliferation and migration. They found that luteolin reduced the proliferation and migration of VSMCs, especially A7r5 and HASMC cells, in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, luteolin inhibited the phosphorylation of TGFBR1, Smad2, and Smad3 in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of TGFBR1 enhanced the activation of TGFBR1, Smad2, and Smad3 in VSMCs and partially blocked the inhibitory effects of luteolin on TGFBR1, Smad2, and Smad3. Furthermore, TGFBR1 overexpression rescued the inhibitory effects of luteolin on VSMC proliferation and migration. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that TGFBR1-luteolin binding was stable. Taken together, these data suggest that luteolin may inhibit VSMC proliferation and migration by inhibiting TGFBR1 signaling.
Here, researchers determined whether the inhibitory effect of luteolin on VSMC migration was attributed to the inhibition of TGFBR1 activation. TGFBR1 was overexpressed in A7r5 and HASMC cells using Ad-TGFBR1, and the anti-migratory effect of luteolin was measured by wound healing and Transwell assays. As shown in Figure 1A-C, overexpression of TGFBR1 significantly enhanced the migration of luteolin-treated A7r5 and HASMC cells. Overexpression of TGFBR1 consistently partially blocked the inhibitory effect of luteolin on the number of migrating cells, and this difference was statistically significant (Figure 1D-F). These findings also suggest that the inhibitory effect of luteolin on VSMC migration is at least partially due to the inhibition of TGFBR1 activation.
Figure 1. Overexpression of TGFBR1 partially blocks the inhibitory effect of luteolin on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration. (Wu Y T, et al., 2018)
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Used these particles in multiple experiments, and the overexpression of TGFBR1 was consistently successful. The reproducibility is impressive—great for long-term research projects.
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