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PAF1


Official Full Name
PAF1 homolog, Paf1/RNA polymerase II complex component
Organism
Homo sapiens
Gene ID
54623
Background
This gene encodes a subunit of the polymerase associated factor (PAF1) complex. The PAF1 complex interacts with RNA polymerase II and plays a role in transcription elongation as well as histone modifications including ubiquitylation and methylation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]
Synonyms
PD2; F23149_1

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SHW000774 shRNA set against Chicken PEX2 (NM_001008454) Inquiry
SHH366044 shRNA set against Rat Olr820 (NM_001000974.1) Inquiry
SHH369988 shRNA set against Human PAF1 (NM_019088.3) Inquiry
SHH369992 shRNA set against Mouse PAF1 (NM_019458.3) Inquiry
SHH369996 shRNA set against Rat PAF1 (NM_001024898.1) Inquiry
SHH373744 shRNA set against Human Pex2 (NM_000318.2) Inquiry
SHH373748 shRNA set against Mouse Pex2 (NM_028730.5) Inquiry
SHH373752 shRNA set against Rat Pex2 (NM_001106618.2) Inquiry
SHH387324 shRNA set against Mouse PXMP3 (NM_008994.4) Inquiry
SHH387328 shRNA set against Rat PXMP3 (NM_017234.1) Inquiry
SHR077946 shRNA set against Rat Paf1(NM_001024898.1) Inquiry
SHR096378 shRNA set against Rat Pex2(NM_173152.1) Inquiry
SHR096438 shRNA set against Human PXMP3(NM_000318.2) Inquiry
SHW008932 shRNA set against Danio rerio PAF1 (NM_001024453) Inquiry
Cat.No. Product Name Price
SKO0650 PAF1 Validated sgRNA vector Inquiry
MiUTR1R-06228 PEX2 miRNA 3'UTR clone Inquiry
MiUTR1R-05599 PAF1 miRNA 3'UTR clone Inquiry
MiUTR1R-05433 OLR820 miRNA 3'UTR clone Inquiry
MiUTR1M-08865 PAF1 miRNA 3'UTR clone Inquiry
MiUTR1H-08515 PEX2 miRNA 3'UTR clone Inquiry
CDFR011284 Rat Pex2 cDNA Clone(NM_017234.1) Inquiry
CDFR003732 Rat Paf1 cDNA Clone(NM_001024898.1) Inquiry
CDFR000946 Rat Olr820 cDNA Clone(NM_001000974.1) Inquiry
CDFH014095 Human PEX2 cDNA Clone(NM_001172087.1) Inquiry
CDFH014094 Human PEX2 cDNA Clone(NM_001172086.1) Inquiry
CDFH014093 Human PEX2 cDNA Clone(NM_001079867.1) Inquiry
MiUTR3H-11275 PAF1 miRNA 3'UTR clone Inquiry
CDCS419216 Human PEX2 ORF Clone (BC005375) Inquiry
CDCR378298 Rat Pex2 ORF Clone(NM_017234.1) Inquiry
CDCR370755 Rat Paf1 ORF Clone(NM_001024898.1) Inquiry
CDCR356409 Human PEX2 ORF Clone(NM_001172087.1) Inquiry
CDCR356408 Human PEX2 ORF Clone(NM_001172086.1) Inquiry
CDCR345474 Human PEX2 ORF Clone(NM_001079867.1) Inquiry
CDCR253857 Mouse Paf1 ORF Clone(NM_019458.3) Inquiry
CDCR246518 Mouse Pex2 ORF Clone(NM_008994.4) Inquiry
CDCR239685 Mouse Pex2 ORF Clone(NM_001163305.2) Inquiry
CDCR239679 Mouse Pex2 ORF Clone(NM_001163302.2) Inquiry
CDCR239677 Mouse Pex2 ORF Clone(NM_001163301.2) Inquiry
CDCG000253 Human PEX2 ORF clone(NM_000318.2) Inquiry
CDCB190819 Rabbit PEX2 ORF clone (XM_008255682.1) Inquiry
CDCB183428 Rabbit PAF1 ORF clone (XM_002711452.2) Inquiry
CDCB170407 Danio rerio PAF1 ORF Clone (NM_001024453) Inquiry
CDCB162249 Chicken PEX2 ORF Clone (NM_001008454) Inquiry
CDCR368033 Rat Olr820 ORF Clone(NM_001000974.1) Inquiry
CDCB158822 Human PEX2 ORF clone (BC005375) Inquiry

Detailed Information

PAF1 works as promoter-proximal pausing molecular regulator by RNA polymerase II

Especially in environmental and developmental cues responding genes, control of promoter-proximal pausing and RNA polymerase II (Pol II) releasing is recognized as the mechanism for regulating gene expression in metazoans. Pol-II-associated factor 1 (PAF1) was identified with the evolutionarily conserved function in metazoans for the promoter-proximal pausing regulation. PAF1 levels reduction can cause an increased release of paused Pol ii into gene bodies at thousands of genes, more than this, depletion of PAF1 gives the consequence of increased nascent and mature transcripts and increased levels of phosphorylation of Poi II’s C-terminal domain on serine 2 (Ser2P). All those changes may be accounted for Ser2P kinase super elongation complex (SEC) recruitment affected the release of paused Pol II into productive elongation increasing.     

PD2/PAF1 at the crossroads of the cancer network

In mRNA stability and quality control, the core subunit of the human PAF1 complex (PAF1C), Pancreatic differentiation 2 (PD2)/RNA polymerase II-associated factor (PAF1), is responsible for promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II as well as transcription elongation and mRNA processing and coordinates events regulation. For its role in posttranslational histone covalent modifications as well as expression of critical genes of the cell-cycle machinery, PD2/PAF is recognized as an integral part of its transcription-regulatory function. The part of PAF1C, PD2/PAF1 alone can provide distinct roles in the maintenance of self-renewal of embryonic stem cells and cancer stem cells. So normal cellular functions affected by the malfunction or altered abundance of PD2/PAF1 can lead to disease states. Up-regulation of PD2/PAF1 can be seen in poorly differentiated pancreatic cancer cells, and is capable of neoplastic transformation when ectopically expressed in mouse fibroblast cells. In the same way, up-regulation of PD2/PAF1 is founded in pancreatic and ovarian cancer stem cells. There is a concise description that the multifaceted roles of PD2/PAF1 are oncogenic transformation associated and implicate PD2/PAF1 as an attractive target for therapeutic development to combat malignancy.

PAF1Figure 1. PAF1 works as a molecular regulator of promoter-proximal pausing by RNA polymerase II. (Fei Xavier Chen, et al. 2015)

References:

  1. Chen F X, Woodfin A R, Gardini A, et al. PAF1, a molecular regulator of promoter-proximal pausing by RNA polymerase II. Cell, 2015, 162(5): 1003-1015.
  2. Karmakar S, Dey P, Vaz A P, et al. PD2/PAF1 at the crossroads of the cancer network. Cancer research, 2018, 78(2): 313-319.
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