PAF1

Official Full Name

PAF1 homolog, Paf1/RNA polymerase II complex component

Organism

Homo sapiens

GeneID

54623

Background

This gene encodes a subunit of the polymerase associated factor (PAF1) complex. The PAF1 complex interacts with RNA polymerase II and plays a role in transcription elongation as well as histone modifications including ubiquitylation and methylation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

Synonyms

PD2; F23149_1;

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price

Detailed Information

PAF1 works as promoter-proximal pausing molecular regulator by RNA polymerase II

Especially in environmental and developmental cues responding genes, control of promoter-proximal pausing and RNA polymerase II (Pol II) releasing is recognized as the mechanism for regulating gene expression in metazoans. Pol-II-associated factor 1 (PAF1) was identified with the evolutionarily conserved function in metazoans for the promoter-proximal pausing regulation. PAF1 levels reduction can cause an increased release of paused Pol ii into gene bodies at thousands of genes, more than this, depletion of PAF1 gives the consequence of increased nascent and mature transcripts and increased levels of phosphorylation of Poi II’s C-terminal domain on serine 2 (Ser2P). All those changes may be accounted for Ser2P kinase super elongation complex (SEC) recruitment affected the release of paused Pol II into productive elongation increasing.

PD2/PAF1 at the crossroads of the cancer network

In mRNA stability and quality control, the core subunit of the human PAF1 complex (PAF1C), Pancreatic differentiation 2 (PD2)/RNA polymerase II-associated factor (PAF1), is responsible for promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II as well as transcription elongation and mRNA processing and coordinates events regulation. For its role in posttranslational histone covalent modifications as well as expression of critical genes of the cell-cycle machinery, PD2/PAF is recognized as an integral part of its transcription-regulatory function. The part of PAF1C, PD2/PAF1 alone can provide distinct roles in the maintenance of self-renewal of embryonic stem cells and cancer stem cells. So normal cellular functions affected by the malfunction or altered abundance of PD2/PAF1 can lead to disease states. Up-regulation of PD2/PAF1 can be seen in poorly differentiated pancreatic cancer cells, and is capable of neoplastic transformation when ectopically expressed in mouse fibroblast cells. In the same way, up-regulation of PD2/PAF1 is founded in pancreatic and ovarian cancer stem cells. There is a concise description that the multifaceted roles of PD2/PAF1 are oncogenic transformation associated and implicate PD2/PAF1 as an attractive target for therapeutic development to combat malignancy.

PAF1 Figure 1. PAF1 works as a molecular regulator of promoter-proximal pausing by RNA polymerase II. (Fei Xavier Chen, et al. 2015)

References:

Chen F X, Woodfin A R, Gardini A, et al. PAF1, a molecular regulator of promoter-proximal pausing by RNA polymerase II. Cell, 2015, 162(5): 1003-1015.
Karmakar S, Dey P, Vaz A P, et al. PD2/PAF1 at the crossroads of the cancer network. Cancer research, 2018, 78(2): 313-319.

Quick Inquiry

Interested in learning more?

Contact us today for a free consultation with the scientific team and discover how Creative Biogene can be a valuable resource and partner for your organization.

Request a quote today!

Inquiry