Transfected Stable Cell Lines
Reliable | High-Performance | Wide Rage
Precision reporter, kinase, immune receptor, biosimilar, Cas9, and knockout stable cell lines for diverse applications.
| Cat.No. | Product Name | Price |
|---|---|---|
| CSC-DC006761 | Panoply™ Human GTPBP4 Knockdown Stable Cell Line | Inquiry |
| CSC-DC010357 | Panoply™ Human NGB Knockdown Stable Cell Line | Inquiry |
| CSC-SC006761 | Panoply™ Human GTPBP4 Over-expressing Stable Cell Line | Inquiry |
| CSC-SC010357 | Panoply™ Human NGB Over-expressing Stable Cell Line | Inquiry |
| Cat.No. | Product Name | Price |
|---|---|---|
| AD07251Z | Human GTPBP4 adenoviral particles | Inquiry |
| AD10752Z | Human NGB adenoviral particles | Inquiry |
| LV14288L | human GTPBP4 (NM_012341) lentivirus particles | Inquiry |
| LV19508L | human NGB (NM_021257) lentivirus particles | Inquiry |
| Cat.No. | Product Name | Price |
|---|---|---|
| SHH109649 | shRNA set against Mouse Gtpbp4(NM_027000.4) | Inquiry |
| SHH109667 | shRNA set against Human GTPBP4(NM_012341.2) | Inquiry |
| SHH309174 | shRNA set against Human GTPBP4 (NM_012341.2) | Inquiry |
| SHH309178 | shRNA set against Mouse GTPBP4 (NM_027000.4) | Inquiry |
| SHH309182 | shRNA set against Rat GTPBP4 (NM_053689.2) | Inquiry |
| SHH352080 | shRNA set against Human NGB (NM_021257.3) | Inquiry |
| SHH352088 | shRNA set against Rat NGB (NM_033359.3) | Inquiry |
| SHR007458 | shRNA set against Human NGB(NM_021257.3) | Inquiry |
| SHR007530 | shRNA set against Mouse Ngb(NM_022414.2) | Inquiry |
| SHW000440 | shRNA set against Chicken GTPBP4 (NM_001006354) | Inquiry |
| SHW002137 | shRNA set against Chicken NGB (NM_001031551) | Inquiry |
| SHW015244 | shRNA set against Danio rerio NGB (NM_131853) | Inquiry |
| SHW016110 | shRNA set against Danio rerio GTPBP4 (NM_199851) | Inquiry |
| Cat.No. | Product Name | Price |
|---|---|---|
| MiUTR1M-07644 | NGB miRNA 3'UTR clone | Inquiry |
| MiUTR1H-06756 | NGB miRNA 3'UTR clone | Inquiry |
| MiUTR1H-04329 | GTPBP4 miRNA 3'UTR clone | Inquiry |
| CDFR013400 | Rat Gtpbp4 cDNA Clone(NM_053689.2) | Inquiry |
| CDFH008193 | Human GTPBP4 cDNA Clone(NM_012341.2) | Inquiry |
| CDFH008192 | Human GTPBP4 cDNA Clone(NM_012341.2) | Inquiry |
| CDFG003325 | Human NGB cDNA Clone(NM_021257.3) | Inquiry |
| CDCR380487 | Rat Gtpbp4 ORF Clone(NM_053689.2) | Inquiry |
| MiUTR1M-05458 | GTPBP4 miRNA 3'UTR clone | Inquiry |
| CDCS415335 | Human NGB ORF Clone (BC032509) | Inquiry |
| CDCS413304 | Human GTPBP4 ORF Clone (BC038975) | Inquiry |
| CDCR380065 | Rat Ngb ORF Clone(NM_033359.3) | Inquiry |
| CDCR259592 | Mouse Gtpbp4 ORF Clone(NM_027000.4) | Inquiry |
| CDCL138193 | Mouse Ngb ORF clone (NM_022414.2) | Inquiry |
| CDCL115483 | Human GTPBP4 ORF clone (NM_012341.2) | Inquiry |
| CDCB194897 | Rabbit GTPBP4 ORF clone (XM_008249372.1) | Inquiry |
| CDCB180508 | Rabbit NGB ORF clone (XM_008271894.1) | Inquiry |
| CDCB177585 | Danio rerio GTPBP4 ORF Clone (NM_199851) | Inquiry |
| CDCB176719 | Danio rerio NGB ORF Clone (NM_131853) | Inquiry |
| CDCB163612 | Chicken NGB ORF Clone (NM_001031551) | Inquiry |
| CDCB161915 | Chicken GTPBP4 ORF Clone (NM_001006354) | Inquiry |
| CDCR306909 | Human NGB ORF Clone(NM_021257.3) | Inquiry |
| CDCB158421 | Human NGB ORF clone (BC032509) | Inquiry |
Neuroglobin (NGB) is a new oxygen-carrying globulin discovered by Burmester in Germany in 2000. It was first discovered in human and mouse brains. NGB is widely distributed in brain tissues such as cerebral cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, olfactory bulb, hypothalamus and cerebellum, which are active in metabolism and consumes oxygen. It is also thought to exist in the peripheral nervous system as well as in the retina and endocrine system. It is rare in reticular structures and nucleus of the pons; it is mainly located in the cytoplasm of neurons. In recent years, evidences of immunohistochemical staining, yeast two-hybrid assays, and biochemical studies suggest that NGB is also present in mitochondria.
NGB Structure and Biological Function
The structure of human NGB is a typical globular fold, which contains 151 amino acids (molecular weight 17 kDa) and has only 20% to 25% sequence identity with myoglobin (MB) and hemoglobin (HGB). According to the study, under normal physiological conditions, NGB accounts for about 30% of the total cell concentration. Under hypoxic conditions, many neuroprotective hypoxia-inducible genes (such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor, heme plus Oxygenase-1 and erythropoietin are upregulated to help promote cell survival, which causes NGB to rise rapidly to approximately 80%, and studies suggest that this increase occurs between a few seconds. In combination with these hypoxia-inducible genes, NGB expression is thought to increase neuronal responses to hypoxia, and increased expression protects neurons from cell death and reactive oxygen species damage. In cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, increased expression of NGB mRNA leads to an increase in NGB in neurons. As an endogenous neuroprotective factor, it can enhance the tolerance of brain tissue to ischemia and hypoxia injury. Endogenous NGB and NGB overexpressed by gene transfection have neuroprotective functions.
Figure 1. Currently known mechansims of neuroglobin (Ngb) functions in the brain. (Xie, L. K., et al. 2016)
Clinical Application of NGB
Neuroglobin plays an important role in oxygen storage and oxygen utilization, and is therefore of great significance in clinical diseases such as hypoxic-ischemic neurological diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. The study proposes to use protein transduction technology to introduce neuroprotective proteins into the brain of ischemic models to treat cerebral hypoxic ischemic diseases. Therefore, if the NGB oxygen-carrying carrier can be used in the early stage to intervene in the development of cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, it is possible to fundamentally prevent and treat cerebral hypoxia.
Stroke has a very high mortality and morbidity, and the current treatment effect is limited. The study found that the area of cerebral ischemic infarction after the middle cerebral artery occlusion of mice overexpressing NGB was reduced, and NGB was proposed as a new target for stroke treatment. Ischemic preconditioning in patients undergoing intracranial aneurysm clipping can up-regulate NGB expression and improve the body's tolerance to hypoxia. Post-traumatic brain injury is also caused by cerebral ischemia and hypoxia due to insufficient cerebral hypoperfusion or direct short-term respiratory depression. Taylor et al. found that overexpression of NGB significantly improved traumatic brain injury in mice. Lan et al. found that rats transfected with NGB recovered better after spinal cord injury (SCI), and the number of neuronal apoptosis was greatly reduced, which also confirmed the protective effect of NGB in cerebral ischemia and anoxia. In the episode, nerve impulses erupt, oxygen needs to increase, and local neuron is relatively hypoxic. If NGB is used as an oxygen carrier in clinical practice, its neuroprotective effect will reduce neuronal damage caused by epileptic seizures.
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