KATNAL1

Official Full Name

katanin catalytic subunit A1 like 1

Organism

Homo sapiens

GeneID

84056

Background

Enables identical protein binding activity and microtubule severing ATPase activity. Involved in microtubule severing. Located in cytoplasm; microtubule; and spindle pole. Part of katanin complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Feb 2025]

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Detailed Information

Recent Research

Katanin is a member of the AAA ATPase super family that uses energy from nucleotide hydrolysis to sever and disassemble microtubules through the catalytic p60 subunit and centrosome-targeting regulatory p80 subunit. Katanin p60 subunit A-like 1 (KATNAL1) is an ATPase. KATNAL1 is derived from the KATANIN p60 gene family (66% identical in region and 78% conserved in the region) that has a peripheral protein function in neural plasticity. The protein encoded by the KATNAL1 gene is an integral component of microtubules that regulate the supply of nutrients and promote the free movement of sperm in the testis. KATNAL1 possesses a similar microtubule-severing role in a variety of cellular activities, including migration and mitosis, as compared with KATNA1 and over-expression in cell lines. Examination of testicular tissue revealed that KATNAL1 functioned to control Sertoli cell (SC) microtubule dynamics and retention of sperm during their maturation within the tubules of the testis. Absence of KATNAL1 resulted in premature release of immature sperm and male infertility.

KATNAL1 can be expressed in various tissues of mice, including the brain and liver, but only the KATNAL1 gene mutation causes testicular abnormalities in mice, which are smaller in mass and volume than normal testes. KATNBL1 has been identified in murine models as causative of male-specific infertility. It has been identificated KATNAL1 as an essential regulator of male fertility. In addition, knockdown KATNAL1 leads to numerous morphological abnormalities and defects in neuronal migration and morphology. KATNAL1 plays an important role in the motile cilia of the ventricular ependymal cells of mutants. Moreover, a recent study revealed that temporary infertility without changing hormone levels can be attained by inhibiting KATNAL1, which is critical for sperm maturation in the testes. For human embryonic kidney cell research, KATNAL1 was over-expressed, suggesting that humans may have similar changes to mice. Sperm KATNAL1 regulates microtubule dynamics by cutting microtubules.

References:

Zhang X, et al. Association between an alternative promoter polymorphism and sperm deformity rate is due to modulation of the expression of KATNAL1 transcripts in Chinese Holstein bulls. Animal Genetics, 2015, 45(5):641-651.
Fedick A M, et al. Lack of association of KATNAL1 gene sequence variants and azoospermia in humans. Journal of Assisted Reproduction & Genetics, 2014, 31(8):1065-71.
Sarma K, et al. Molecular modeling and dynamics simulation analysis of KATNAL1 for identification of novel inhibitor of sperm maturation. Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening, 2017, 20(1).

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