DCST1

Official Full Name

DC-STAMP domain containing 1

Organism

Homo sapiens

GeneID

149095

Background

This gene encodes a protein with a domain similar to one found in dendritic cells (PMID:11169400) which play a key role in antigen processing and display for immune responses. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

Synonyms

SNKY; SPE49;

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Detailed Information

The DC-STAMP domain containing 1 (DCST1) gene is a relatively newly discovered gene. The gene is named for its primary domain, the DC-STAMP domain, which is characterized by a series of conserved cysteine-rich motifs. The DCST1 protein is encoded by the gene and is found to be expressed in a variety of tissues and cell types.

Structure of DCST1

The DCST1 protein is characterized by a conserved DC-STAMP domain, which is found at the N-terminus of the protein. The DC-STAMP domain is responsible for the protein's structural stability and is responsible for mediating protein-protein interactions. The domain is composed of approximately 150 amino acids and is rich in cysteine residues, which form disulfide bonds that contribute to the stability of the domain. The DCST1 protein also contains a series of variable domains, which are responsible for the diverse functions of the protein. The structure of the DCST1 protein is well-conserved across different species, suggesting that the protein has an essential role in cellular processes.

Function of DCST1

The exact function of the DCST1 gene is still under investigation, but current studies have suggested that the protein plays a crucial role in various cellular processes. The DCST1 protein has been found to be involved in the regulation of cell signaling, cell adhesion, and cell migration. The protein is also thought to play a role in the development and differentiation of various tissues and organs. Studies have shown that the DCST1 protein is highly expressed in embryonic and fetal tissues, suggesting that it may play a role in embryonic development. Additionally, the protein has been found to be expressed in various adult tissues, including the brain, heart, liver, and kidney, suggesting that it may play a role in the maintenance and function of these tissues.

Implications of DCST1 in Disease

Several studies have suggested that the DCST1 gene may be involved in the pathophysiology of various diseases. For example, mutations in the DCST1 gene have been found to be associated with developmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Additionally, aberrant expression of the DCST1 gene has been detected in various cancers, including breast cancer, colon cancer, and leukemia. Moreover, studies have suggested that the DCST1 protein may play a role in the regulation of inflammation and autoimmunity, as it has been found to be expressed in various immune cells.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the DC-STAMP domain containing 1 (DCST1) gene is a fascinating gene that encodes a protein with a conserved DC-STAMP domain. The DCST1 protein is expressed in a variety of tissues and cell types and plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including cell signaling, cell adhesion, and cell migration. The gene has been found to be associated with various diseases, including developmental disorders and cancer. Future research directions include further elucidating the function of the DCST1 protein and understanding its role in disease pathophysiology. The potential clinical implications of DCST1 make it an exciting target for therapeutic intervention, and further studies are needed to explore its role in various diseases.

References:

Wang, Jie et al. "Corrigendum: LncRNA DCST1-AS1 Promotes Endometrial Cancer Progression by Modulating the MiR- 665/HOXB5 and MiR-873-5p/CADM1 Pathways." Frontiers in oncology vol. 12 819908. 29 Mar. 2022, doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.819908
Chiu, Ya-Hui et al. "Regulation of human osteoclast development by dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP)." Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research vol. 27,1 (2012): 79-92. doi:10.1002/jbmr.531

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