Dci

Official Full Name

enoyl-CoA delta isomerase 1

Synonyms

Dci

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price
CSC-DC004697	Panoply™ Human ECI1 Knockdown Stable Cell Line	Inquiry
CSC-SC004697	Panoply™ Human ECI1 Over-expressing Stable Cell Line	Inquiry

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price
AD05243Z	Human ECI1 adenoviral particles	Inquiry
LV11393L	human ECI1 (NM_001178029) lentivirus particles	Inquiry
LV11394L	human ECI1 (NM_001919) lentivirus particles	Inquiry

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price
SHH282945	shRNA set against Mouse ECI1 (NM_010023.4)	Inquiry
SHG223201	shRNA set against Rat Dci(NM_017306.4)	Inquiry
SHH282941	shRNA set against Human ECI1 (NM_001919.3)	Inquiry
SHH282949	shRNA set against Rat ECI1 (NM_017306.4)	Inquiry
SHW003911	shRNA set against Chicken ECI1 (NM_001277585)	Inquiry

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price
CDFH005625	Human ECI1 cDNA Clone(NM_001178029.1)	Inquiry
CDFR011353	Rat Eci1 cDNA Clone(NM_017306.4)	Inquiry
MiUTR1R-01387	ECI1 miRNA 3'UTR clone	Inquiry
MiUTR3H-03252	ECI1 miRNA 3'UTR clone	Inquiry
CDCB165386	Chicken ECI1 ORF Clone (NM_001277585)	Inquiry
CDCB190101	Rabbit ECI1 ORF clone (XM_008251975.1)	Inquiry
CDCH016442	Mouse ECI1 ORF clone(NM_010023.4)	Inquiry
CDCR053874	Human ECI1 ORF clone (NM_001919.3)	Inquiry
CDCR357210	Human ECI1 ORF Clone(NM_001178029.1)	Inquiry
CDCR378407	Rat Eci1 ORF Clone(NM_017306.4)	Inquiry
CDCS418482	Human ECI1 ORF Clone (BC009631)	Inquiry
CDCS418483	Human ECI1 ORF Clone (BC000762)	Inquiry

Detailed Information

Enoyl-CoA delta isomerase 1 (DCI) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism, specifically in the elongation of fatty acids.

Structure And Function of DCI

DCI is a member of the enoyl-CoA delta isomerase family, which is characterized by the conversion of unsaturated fatty acids to their cis-delta-unsaturated derivatives. The enzyme is composed of two distinct domains: the N-terminal domain, which is responsible for the binding of the enzyme to the lipid substrates, and the C-terminal domain, which contains the catalytic center.

The N-terminal domain of DCI is responsible for the recognition and binding of the substrate, which is a crucial step in the catalytic process. This domain is highly conserved across different species and contains several motifs that are characteristic of lipid binding proteins. These include a conserved glycine-rich motif, a hydrophobic pocket, and a leucine zipper-like motif.

The C-terminal domain of DCI contains the catalytic center, which is responsible for the conversion of the substrate to its product. This domain is also highly conserved across different species and contains several motifs that are characteristic of lipid metabolizing enzyme. These include a conserved serine-rich motif, a cysteine-rich motif, and a conserved acidic patch.

Regulation of DCI

The expression of DCI is regulated at multiple levels, including transcription, translation, and post-translational modification. The transcription of DCI is regulated by various transcription factors, including nuclear receptors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (Ppar-α) and liver X receptor alpha (LXRα). These transcription factors bind to the promoter region of the DCI gene and activate its transcription.

Post-translational modification of DCI includes phosphorylation, which is responsible for the activation or inactivation of the enzyme. For example, the activation of DCI by protein kinase C (PKC) leads to its translocation to the plasma membrane, where it is involved in the synthesis of eicosanoids. Additionally, the phosphorylation of DCI by protein kinase A (PKA) leads to its activation and increased catalytic activity.

Role of DCI in Lipid Metabolism

DCI plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism, specifically in the elongation of fatty acids. It is involved in the synthesis of eicosanoids, which are important signaling molecules that regulate various physiological processes, including inflammation, pain, and blood pressure. Additionally, DCI is involved in the synthesis of phospholipids, which are crucial for cell membrane structure and function.

DCI is a crucial enzyme involved in lipid metabolism, playing a significant role in the synthesis and breakdown of fatty acids and lipids. This enzyme participates in the final step of fatty acid synthesis, converting enoyl-CoA into 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA, which is essential for the production of triglycerides and other lipid molecules.

DCI And Disease

Mutations in the DCI gene can lead to defects in lipid metabolism, affecting various physiological processes including energy homeostasis, inflammation, and cell signaling. These mutations can result in abnormal lipid levels, contributing to the development of metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and atherosclerosis.

In obesity, mutations in the DCI gene can lead to impaired fatty acid synthesis and lipid accumulation, contributing to the excessive storage of fat in adipose tissue. This, in turn, can result in insulin resistance and the development of type 2 diabetes.

In atherosclerosis, mutations in DCI can affect lipid metabolism in vascular cells, leading to lipid accumulation in the arterial wall and promoting the development of atherosclerotic plaques. These mutations can also impair the clearance of atherogenic lipoproteins from the bloodstream, further exacerbating the disease process.

Furthermore, DCI has been implicated in inflammation and immune responses, as it serves as a regulatory enzyme in the synthesis of eicosanoids, a class of lipid mediators involved in inflammation and pain signaling. Mutations in DCI can lead to imbalances in eicosanoid production, contributing to chronic inflammation and autoimmune disorders.

References:

Goepfert, Simon et al. "Peroxisomal Delta(3),Delta(2)-enoyl CoA isomerases and evolution of cytosolic paralogues in embryophytes." The Plant journal: for cell and molecular biology vol. 56,5 (2008): 728-42. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03635.x
Patton, S M et al. "A novel delta(3),delta(2)-enoyl-CoA isomerase involved in the biosynthesis of the cyclohexanecarboxylic acid-derived moiety of the polyketide ansatrienin A." Biochemistry vol. 39,25 (2000): 7595-604. doi:10.1021/bi0005714

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Dci

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Detailed Information

Structure And Function of DCI

Regulation of DCI

Role of DCI in Lipid Metabolism

DCI And Disease