ODN 1982

Name: ODN 1982
SKU: CGON-13
Availability: InStock

For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.

Cat. No. : CGON-13

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Product Information

Cat. No.	CGON-13
Description	CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (or CpG ODNs) are synthetic oligonucleotides that contain unmethylated CpG motifs. CpG ODN can bind to and activate a Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and leading to strong immunostimulatory effects. So far 3 major classes of CpG ODNs have been identified, based on their structural and biological characteristics, and are designated Type A, Type B, and Type C. Type A ODNs, which feature a central palindromic CpG-containing phosphodiester (PO) structure followed by a phosphorothioate (PS) homopolymeric G-stretch, are robust inducers of interferon-α (IFN-α) production and dendritic cell maturation. Type B ODNs, in contrast, contain a full phosphorothioate backbone with one or more CpG dinucleotides. They strongly activate B cells but stimulate weakly IFN-α secretion. Type C ODNs, combine the properties of both Type A and B, and are characterized by their complete PS backbone and palindromic CpG-containing motifs. Type C ODNs induce strong IFN-α production from pDC and B cell stimulation. ODN 1982 can be used as a control for ODN 1826.
Features	• Classification: Type B control • Product format: Lyophilized product • Sequence: 5'-tccatgagcttcctgagctt-3' (lower case letters are phosphorothioate) • Specificity: Control for ODN 1826
Storage	Store lyophilized product at -20°C. Upon reconstitution, aliquots should be stored at -20°C and are stable for 6 months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

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What is ODN 1982?

A: ODN 1982 is a CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), often mentioned alongside ODN 1826, used as a control substance in scientific research. It is commonly used in immunomodulatory studies, particularly in exploring immune responses to cancer treatments.

What is the application of ODN 1982 in tumor treatment research?

A: ODN 1982 is often used as a non-active control alongside ODN 1826 in cancer treatment research to evaluate the effects of ODN 1826. ODN 1826 can enhance the response of tumors to radiotherapy, and ODN 1982 is used to demonstrate that this enhancing effect is specific to active CpG ODNs.

How does ODN 1982 affect apoptosis and necrosis in tumor cells?

A: Since ODN 1982 is a non-active control substance, its impact on apoptosis and necrosis in tumor cells is limited. In contrast, active CpG ODNs like ODN 1826 can induce apoptosis and necrosis in tumor cells.

How does ODN 1982 affect the activity of immune cells?

A: As a non-active control, ODN 1982 does not activate immune cells in the same way as ODN 1826. ODN 1826 can activate dendritic cells and trigger specific immune responses, while ODN 1982 is used to demonstrate that this activity is specific to CpG ODNs.

What is the application of ODN 1982 in immunomodulation?

A: ODN 1982 is primarily used as a control substance in immunomodulation research to help scientists understand the specific activation effects of CpG ODNs like ODN 1826 on the immune system.

How does ODN 1982 perform in clinical trials?

A: ODN 1982 itself is not directly involved in clinical applications; it is more commonly used as a control substance in laboratory research. In contrast, active CpG ODNs like ODN 1826 have shown immune-stimulating effects in clinical trials and are generally well-tolerated.

How is ODN 1982 prepared, including the source of starting materials and the extraction process?

A: ODN 1982 is typically synthesized using chemical methods, with nucleotide monomers as starting materials. The synthesis usually involves multiple chemical reaction steps to construct the target sequence.

What are the typical application areas of ODN 1982 in cell line research, and how does it impact the functionality of these cells?

A: ODN 1982 is commonly used in immunological and cell biology research. It can be used to activate immune cell lines such as macrophages to study their immune responses and signaling, or to explore its effects on cell functionality.

When conducting cell experiments with ODN 1982, how is the optimal concentration and treatment duration determined to achieve reproducible results?

A: Determining the optimal concentration and treatment duration for ODN 1982 typically requires preliminary experiments and optimization. This includes conducting experiments at different concentrations and treatment durations to identify reproducible experimental conditions.

Does ODN 1982 exhibit differences in different types of cell lines, and how can these differences be explained and utilized?

A: The effects of ODN 1982 may vary in different types of cell lines. These differences may stem from variations in cell reactivity or signaling pathways. Understanding these differences can help explain its actions in different cell lines and how to best utilize these variations for research.

How is potential cytotoxicity or adverse effects addressed when using ODN 1982 to ensure experimental accuracy?

A: To address potential cytotoxicity or adverse effects, strategies such as control groups, optimization of cell culture conditions, or the use of cell-protective agents can be employed. These measures help ensure experimental accuracy and mitigate adverse effects.

Does ODN 1982 have potential applications in clinical research, and are there known safety issues in its clinical use?

A: ODN 1982 is typically not directly used in clinical applications but is more commonly employed in laboratory research. Its potential value in clinical applications may require further research and clinical trials for assessment. Known toxicities and safety issues observed in experiments should be considered when contemplating potential clinical applications.

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