CD38 Knockout Cell Line-HeLa

CD38, also known as cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase, is a multifunctional enzyme encoded by the CD38 gene located on human chromosome 4. This gene belongs to the ADP-ribosyl cyclase family and plays a vital role in various physiological and pathological processes. CD38 is widely expressed in a variety of cell types, including immune cells (such as T cells, B cells and natural killer cells) as well as non-immune cells (such as muscle cells, pancreatic β cells and neurons). One of the main functions of CD38 is to participate in calcium signaling. It catalyzes the conversion of NAD+ to cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), which is a potent calcium mobilizer. cADPR regulates the release of intracellular calcium stores, thereby participating in important cellular processes such as muscle contraction, insulin secretion and neurotransmitter release.

In the immune system, CD38 plays a variety of roles. As an exoenzyme, it regulates lymphocyte adhesion, migration and signal transduction. Its expression is upregulated upon cell activation and differentiation cues. This makes CD38 a valuable marker for various stages of immune cell differentiation, especially in hematopoietic stem cells and plasma cells. In the clinic, CD38 is used as a target for monoclonal antibody therapy, particularly in the treatment of multiple myeloma, a plasma cell malignancy. Anti-CD38 antibodies, such as daratumumab, have shown effectiveness in eliminating malignant cells by inducing apoptosis, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC).