Human SSTR2 Virus-Like Particles

Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) is one of the five known somatostatin receptor subtypes. These receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that belong to the seven-transmembrane domain receptor superfamily. SSTR2 has been extensively studied for its roles in both normal and pathological conditions. In normal physiology, it helps maintain homeostasis by regulating the secretion of growth hormone, insulin, glucagon, and gastrointestinal peptides such as gastrin and cholecystokinin. It also has a role in inhibiting cell proliferation, which is critical for its role in controlling tumor growth and progression. SSTR2 is particularly important in neuroendocrine tumors because it is often overexpressed. An innovative approach to studying and exploiting SSTR2 is the use of virus-like particles (VLPs), which present structurally intact human SSTR2 proteins on their surface. These VLPs are powerful objects for researchers to study the mechanisms of receptor function as well as potential therapeutic applications. Virus-like particles are nanoscale particles that mimic the organization and conformation of viruses but lack viral genetic material and are therefore not infectious. VLPs can be designed to display complex proteins in their native conformation, which is particularly valuable for proteins that span the cell membrane and exhibit complex tertiary structure, such as SSTR2. By incorporating a structurally intact SSTR2 into a VLP, the functionality of the receptor can be maintained while providing a powerful platform for biochemical and pharmacological studies.