Human KCNK1 Virus-Like Particles

KCNK1, also known as potassium channel subfamily K member 1 or TWIK-1 (weakly inwardly rectifier K+ channel tandem P domain), is a key member of the two-pore domain potassium channel (K2P) family. These channels play a key role in maintaining cellular resting membrane potential and regulating excitability in a variety of tissues, including the brain, heart, and kidney. KCNK1 channels are characterized by a unique structure with two pore-forming domains and four transmembrane segments, enabling them to conduct potassium ions in a voltage-independent manner. Functionally, KCNK1 is involved in cellular processes such as neurotransmitter release, hormone secretion, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of KCNK1 is associated with neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer, making it a potential therapeutic target.

KCNK1 virus-like particles (VLPs) are engineered nanostructures designed to mimic the structural and functional properties of native KCNK1 channels while being free of viral genetic material, making them non-infectious and safe for biomedical applications. VLPs are typically produced by expressing the KCNK1 protein in heterologous systems (such as insect or mammalian cells), where they self-assemble into particles resembling viral capsids. These particles retain the antigenic and conformational characteristics of KCNK1, making them valuable tools for vaccine development, drug screening, and channel biology research. For example, KCNK1 VLPs can be used to generate antibodies for diagnostic purposes or to study channelopathies caused by KCNK1 mutations. Furthermore, their biocompatibility and tunable surface properties enable applications in targeted drug delivery, particularly for neurological or cardiovascular therapies.