LAP3

Official Full Name

leucine aminopeptidase 3

Organism

Homo sapiens

GeneID

51056

Background

Predicted to enable peptidase activity. Predicted to be involved in proteolysis. Located in several cellular components, including extracellular exosome; focal adhesion; and mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Feb 2025]

Synonyms

LAP; PEPS; LAPEP; HEL-S-106;

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Detailed Information

Recent Progress

Leucine aminopeptidase 3 (LAP3), belonging to the M1 family, has been proved to catalyze the hydrolysis of leucine residues. Leucine aminopeptidases are involved in many pathological disorders and regulate cell proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis of tumor. Recent study showed that LAP3 is highly expressed in several malignant tumors and affects tumor angiogenesis. In investigating the clinical significance of LAP3 expression in human gliomas and its biological function in glioma cells, various methods were used to detect the expression levels of LAP3 in 121 glioma tissues. High LAP3 expression was correlated with the grade of malignancy and poor prognosis of glioma patients. In vitro, knockdown of LAP3 by siRNA transfection in glioma cells, cell viability, cell cycle, migration and invasion were determined. The results indicated that increasing LAP3 could promote cell viability, cell cycle, migration and invasion. Knockdown of LAP3 could decrease cell viability, suppress cell proliferation, migration and invasion. These findings uncovered that LAP3 might be a new prognostic factor and be close correlation with glioma cell growth, migration, invasion.

In exploration of the clinical significance and biological function of LAP3 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), researchers demonstrated that LAP3 expression was significantly up-regulated in HCC tissues as well as cells and was closely correlated with lower differentiation, and positive lymph node metastasis, indicating a poor prognosis. Results of the study also revealed that LAP3 promoted HCC cells proliferation by regulating G1/S checkpoint in cell cycle and promoted HCC cells migration. Furthermore, knockdown of LAP3 enhanced the sensitivity of HCC cells to cisplatin, thus facilitating the cell death of HCC cells. Taken together, these findings indicated that up-regulated expression of LAP3 might contribute to the proliferation and metastasis of HCC (Fig.1).

Fig. 1. LAP3 is expressed in HCC tissues and cells. (Tian et al, 2014)

In another study, it was hypothesized that cancer tissue immunogens and antigens capable of inducing specific antibody production in patients are promising targets for development of precision diagnostics and humoral immunotherapies. Researchers thus developed an innovative immuno-proteomic strategy and identified new immunogenic markers of colon cancer. Proteins from cancers and matched normal tissues were selected while 170 serum antibody-reactive proteins were identified. Among these, proteasome subunit alpha type 1 (PSA1), leucine aminopeptidase 3 (LAP3), annexin A3 (ANXA3), and maspin (serpin B5) were reproducibly found in tissues from three patients. Differential expression patterns were confirmed in samples from eight patients with various stages of colon adenocarcinoma and liver metastases. These tumor-resident proteins and their associated serum antibodies may be promising markers for colon cancer screening and early diagnosis. Furthermore, tumor tissue-specific antibodies could potentially be used as immunotherapeutic targets against cancer. More generally, proteomic profiling of cancer-associated immunogens represents a powerful generic method for uncovering the tumor totality of immunogenic tumor-associated proteins.

References:

Xiaojuan, H., Qingfeng, H., Xiaojun, Q., Xianchen, L., Guan, S., & Jun, G., et al. (2015). Lap3 promotes glioma progression by regulating proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cells. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 72(72C), 1081-1089.
Song, Y., Ke, K., Shen, J., Cao, M., Ni, Y., & Li, A. (2014). Increased expression of lap3 aggravates brain inflammation via regulating the function of microglia/macrophages following ich. Cerebrovascular Diseases, 38, 80-80.
Tian, S. Y., Chen, S. H., Shao, B. F., Cai, H. Y., Zhou, Y., & Zhou, Y. L., et al. (2014). Expression of leucine aminopeptidase 3 (lap3) correlates with prognosis and malignant development of human hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). International Journal of Clinical & Experimental Pathology, 7(7), 3752.
Yang, Q., Roehrl, M. H., & Wang, J. Y. (2018). Proteomic profiling of antibody-inducing immunogens in tumor tissue identifies psma1, lap3, anxa3, and maspin as colon cancer markers. Oncotarget, 9(3), 3996-4019.
Wenbin, R., Dong, Y., Gao, X., Liu, C., Lin, D., & Lin, Z. (2017). Gene cloning and expression analysis of leucine aminopeptidase lap3 gene in different development stages of larvae and different tissues of adult of meretrix meretrix. Journal of Oceanology.

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