FGF21

Official Full Name

fibroblast growth factor 21

Organism

Homo sapiens

Gene ID

26291

Background

Theis gene encodes a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities and are involved in a variety of biological processes. This protein is a secreted endocrine factor that functions as a major metabolic regulator. The encoded protein stimulates the uptake of glucose in adipose tissue. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2016]

Synonyms

HG3D

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price
CSC-DC005705	Panoply™ Human FGF21 Knockdown Stable Cell Line	Inquiry
CSC-SC005705	Panoply™ Human FGF21 Over-expressing Stable Cell Line	Inquiry
CSC-RT2045	FGF21 Knockout Cell Line-HeLa	Inquiry
CLOE-2710	Mouse Fgf21 (His) HEK293 Cell Lysate	Inquiry
CLKO-1906	FGF21 KO Cell Lysate-HeLa	Inquiry

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price
AD00334Z	FGF21 adenovirus	Inquiry
AD06216Z	Human FGF21 adenoviral particles	Inquiry
LV12842L	human FGF21 (NM_019113) lentivirus particles	Inquiry

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price
SHH294511	shRNA set against Mouse FGF21 (NM_020013.4)	Inquiry
SHH057521	shRNA set against Rat Fgf21(NM_130752.1)	Inquiry
SHH057527	shRNA set against Mouse Fgf21(NM_020013.4)	Inquiry
SHH057557	shRNA set against Human FGF21(NM_019113.2)	Inquiry
SHH294505	shRNA set against Human FGF21 (NM_019113.2)	Inquiry
SHH294514	shRNA set against Rat FGF21 (NM_130752.1)	Inquiry
SHW010196	shRNA set against Danio rerio FGF21 (NM_001045324)	Inquiry

Cat.No.	Product Name	Price
CDCS414961	Human FGF21 ORF Clone (BC018404)	Inquiry
CDFG002294	Human FGF21 cDNA Clone(NM_019113.2)	Inquiry
CDFR013923	Rat Fgf21 cDNA Clone(NM_130752.1)	Inquiry
MiUTR1H-03629	FGF21 miRNA 3'UTR clone	Inquiry
MiUTR1M-04692	FGF21 miRNA 3'UTR clone	Inquiry
MiUTR1R-01889	FGF21 miRNA 3'UTR clone	Inquiry
CDCB156540	Canine FGF21 ORF clone (XM_541510.2)	Inquiry
CDCB171671	Danio rerio FGF21 ORF Clone (NM_001045324)	Inquiry
CDCB184123	Rabbit FGF21 ORF clone (XM_002723699.2)	Inquiry
CDCL184250	Human FGF21 ORF clone(NM_019113.2)	Inquiry
CDCL184251	Mouse FGF21 ORF clone(NM_020013.4)	Inquiry
CDCR380957	Rat Fgf21 ORF Clone(NM_130752.1)	Inquiry

Detailed Information

Human fibroblast growth factor composited by 22 family members responsible for cell differentiation, proliferation and metabolism. As one of FGF family members, it belonged to endocrine FGF subgroup with FGF19 and FGF23. The biological activity of FGF21 working as a metabolism regulation factor has been firstly reported by Nishimura. It can promote glucose uptake of mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes and human primary adipocytes by stimulating glucose transporter 1 gene expression. Subsequent research further confirmed that liver cell expressed FGF21 protein can significantly elevate sensitivity to insulin and shown good efficacy for blood sugar lowering and insulin sensitization. Recombinant FGF21 protein can significantly lower body weight, blood sugar and triglycerides to normal levels, thus enhancing insulin resistance and alleviating fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes non-human primate animal model. The regulation of FGF21 on the body metabolic balance initiates by sensing nutritional status in biological state. Upregulation of FGF21 in blood induced by activating the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferation activator receptor alpha (PPARα) signaling pathway can promote transformation of fatty acids released from the liver into ketones. In addition, activation of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis by FGF21 would accelerate corticosterone release and gluconeogenesis, thereby maintaining glucose homeostasis. Traditional FGF family members play its role by binding to FGF receptor (FGFR) with tyrosine kinase activity in cell membrane, while absence of heparin binding site make FGF21 as an endocrine factor to exert its biological effects via secretion from organ into blood. Combination of FGF21 N-terminal with FGFR upon binding in its C-terminal between a transmembrane protein called β-kloth form a stable FGF21/β-klotho/FGFR complex, which would activate downstream related molecular signals to complete its biological effect.

Fgf-21 Work as A Biomarker for NAFLD and Liver Injury

Although multiple protective works in metabolism of FGF21 have been found according to previous study, there is a significant elevation of FGF21 circulating levels in NAFLD patients and obesity induced fatty liver mice model.

Regulation of Fgf-21 on Liver Metabolism

Liver work as both endocrine and targeting organ for FGF21, early research revealed that loss of FGF21 gene can significantly increase body weight after ketogenic feeding and exacerbate steatosis by injuring ketogenic synthesis. Recent study found that recombinant FGF21 protein can inhibit the activity of mammalian target protein complex of rapamycin1 and increase hepatic insulin sensitivity. Activation of receptor γ coactivator-1α by FGF21 induced peroxisome proliferation would promote liver fatty acid oxidation.

Fig 1. Schematic summary of the pathophysiology of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (Manuel et al. 2020)

References:

A NISHIMURA T, NAKATAKE Y, KONISHI M. (2000) 'Identification of a novel FGF, FGF-21, preferentially expressed in the liver, Biochim Biophys Acta, 2000, 1492(1): 203-206. DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(00) 00067-1.
gong q, hu z, zhang f. (2016) 'Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Improves Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity by Inhibiting Mammalian Tar- Get of Rapamycin Complex 1 in mice, Hepatology, 2016, 64 (2): 425-438. DOI: 10. 1002/hep. 28523.
Mohammad Zarei, Javier Pizarro-Delgado, Emma Barroso. (2020) 'Targeting FGF21 for the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.12.005.

Quick Inquiry