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CAP2


Official Full Name
cyclase associated actin cytoskeleton regulatory protein 2
Organism
Homo sapiens
Gene ID
10486
Background
This gene was identified by its similarity to the gene for human adenylyl cyclase-associated protein. The function of the protein encoded by this gene is unknown. However, the protein appears to be able to interact with adenylyl cyclase-associated protein and actin. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Synonyms
CMD2I

Cat.No. Product Name Price
SHH254245 shRNA set against Human CAP2 (NM_006366.2) Inquiry
SHH254249 shRNA set against Mouse CAP2 (NM_026056.4) Inquiry
SHG139713 shRNA set against Rat Cap2(NM_053874.1) Inquiry
SHG139731 shRNA set against Human CAP2(NM_006366.2) Inquiry
SHG139749 shRNA set against Human SERPINB8(NM_001031848.1) Inquiry
SHG139777 shRNA set against Human SERPINB8(NM_002640.3) Inquiry
SHH254253 shRNA set against Rat CAP2 (NM_053874.1) Inquiry
SHH405276 shRNA set against Human SERPINB8 (NM_002640.3) Inquiry
SHH405280 shRNA set against Mouse SERPINB8 (NM_011459.4) Inquiry
SHH405284 shRNA set against Rat SERPINB8 (NM_001105948.1) Inquiry
SHH431488 shRNA set against Human TMPRSS4 (NM_019894.3) Inquiry
SHH431492 shRNA set against Mouse TMPRSS4 (NM_145403.2) Inquiry
SHH431496 shRNA set against Rat TMPRSS4 (NM_001108998.1) Inquiry
SHL018102 shRNA set against Human TMPRSS4(NM_019894.3) Inquiry
SHL082646 shRNA set against Mouse Tmprss4(NM_145403.2) Inquiry
SHW016976 shRNA set against Danio rerio CAP2 (NM_200836) Inquiry
Cat.No. Product Name Price
MiUTR3H-08571 TMPRSS4 miRNA 3'UTR clone Inquiry
CDFG012934 Human SERPINB8 cDNA Clone(NM_198833.1) Inquiry
CDFG019945 Mouse Serpinb8 cDNA Clone(NM_001159748.1) Inquiry
CDFH002675 Human CAP2 cDNA Clone(NM_006366.2) Inquiry
CDFH017279 Human SERPINB8 cDNA Clone(NM_001031848.1) Inquiry
CDFH017280 Human SERPINB8 cDNA Clone(NM_002640.3) Inquiry
CDFH019968 Human TMPRSS4 cDNA Clone(NM_001083947.1) Inquiry
CDFH019970 Human TMPRSS4 cDNA Clone(NM_001173552.1) Inquiry
CDFH019969 Human TMPRSS4 cDNA Clone(NM_001173551.1) Inquiry
CDFR008562 Rat Tmprss4 cDNA Clone(NM_001108998.1) Inquiry
CDFR013603 Rat Cap2 cDNA Clone(NM_053874.1) Inquiry
MiUTR1H-01648 CAP2 miRNA 3'UTR clone Inquiry
MiUTR1H-09303 SERPINB8 miRNA 3'UTR clone Inquiry
CDCB184839 Rabbit TMPRSS4 ORF clone (XM_008249423.1) Inquiry
MiUTR1H-10578 TMPRSS4 miRNA 3'UTR clone Inquiry
MiUTR1M-11972 TMPRSS4 miRNA 3'UTR clone Inquiry
CDFR005722 Rat Serpinb8 cDNA Clone(NM_001105948.1) Inquiry
MiUTR1R-00723 CAP2 miRNA 3'UTR clone Inquiry
CDCS407365 Human TMPRSS4 ORF Clone (BC011703) Inquiry
CDCS412696 Human CAP2 ORF Clone (BC008481) Inquiry
CDCS407366 Human TMPRSS4 ORF Clone (BC004855) Inquiry
CDCS406775 Human SERPINB8 ORF Clone (BC034528) Inquiry
CDCR375637 Rat Tmprss4 ORF Clone(NM_001108998.1) Inquiry
CDCB178451 Danio rerio CAP2 ORF Clone (NM_200836) Inquiry
CDCB180568 Rabbit CAP2 ORF clone (XM_002720865.2) Inquiry
CDCB195187 Rabbit SERPINB8 ORF clone (XM_008261390.1) Inquiry
CDCH084724 human TMPRSS4 ORF clone (NM_001173552.1) Inquiry
CDCH084726 human TMPRSS4 ORF clone (NM_001173551.1) Inquiry
CDCH084728 human TMPRSS4 ORF clone (NM_001083947.1) Inquiry
CDCH093240 Mouse Tmprss4 ORF clone (NM_145403.2) Inquiry
CDCR380635 Rat Cap2 ORF Clone(NM_053874.1) Inquiry
CDCL186138 Human SERPINB8 ORF clone(NM_002640.3) Inquiry
CDCR041186 Mouse Serpinb8 ORF clone (NM_001159748.1) Inquiry
CDCR250752 Mouse Serpinb8 ORF Clone(NM_011459.4) Inquiry
CDCR258091 Mouse Cap2 ORF Clone(NM_026056.4) Inquiry
CDCR292738 Human CAP2 ORF Clone(NM_006366.2) Inquiry
CDCR326238 Human SERPINB8 ORF Clone(NM_198833.1) Inquiry
CDCR342925 Human SERPINB8 ORF Clone(NM_001031848.1) Inquiry
CDCR372752 Rat Serpinb8 ORF Clone(NM_001105948.1) Inquiry
CDCL186514 Human TMPRSS4 ORF clone(NM_019894.3) Inquiry
CDCB157294 Mouse SERPINB8 ORF clone (NM_011459.3) Inquiry

Detailed Information

Recent Research Progress

The cyclase-associated protein (CAP) consists of 474 to 551 amino acid residues and is an evolutionarily highly conserved protein between yeast and mammals. CAP exerts functions towards the activations of adenylyl cyclase and the mediating the dynamics of actin polymerization by binding to G-actin. Two homologs, CAP1 and CAP2, are present in higher eukaryotes. In rats, CAP2 transcripts are present in the testes, lungs and kidneys but not in the liver and spleen. During mouse embryonic development, CAP2 is detectable throughout the heart. Loss of CAP2 leads to cardiomyopathy based on data from CAP2 depletion causing dilated cardiomyopathy and various cardiac tests. In human cancer, CAP2 expression is different.

CAP2 and arrhythmias

CAP2 plays a major role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton. Studies have shown that loss of CAP2 results in marked electrophysiological disturbances including impaired sinus node function, conduction delays, and susceptibility to malignant arrhythmias. Structural changes in a gene trap approach (CAP2gt/gt) are associated with changes in myocardial connexin and fibrosis. In conclusion, the inactivation of CAP2 leads to a cardiomyopathy with associated electrophysiological alterations, primarily spontaneous and induced malignant ventricular arrhythmias.

CAP2 and HCC

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mortality ranks the second most common cause of cancer-related death in men, and the sixth in women. CAP2 is considered a potential diagnostic biomarker for early HCC. Current data indicated that a significant increase in CAP2 expression in HCC tissues, compared with non-tumor tissues. High CAP2 expression was significantly associated with differences in overall and disease-free survival. Prognostic significance was also effective in several subgroups of HCC patients. Thence, studies have shown that CAP2 was a promising biomarker for the prognosis of patients with HCC.

CAP2 and breast cancer

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. Recent findings suggested that CAP2 was up-regulated in breast cancer and associated with expression of progesterone receptor (PR). Multivariate analysis showed that CAP2 might be an independent biomarker for predicting breast cancer prognosis and survival. Therefore, testing CAP2 protein levels may help to stratify new treatment strategies for patients and establish reasonable treatment selection criteria for breast cancer patients.

CAP2 and Malignant melanoma

Malignant melanoma is one of the deadly malignant tumors worldwide. Recently, studies have shown that CAP2 overexpression was a novel prognostic marker for malignant melanoma. CAP2 expression appears to increase gradually during tumor progression, and CAP2 overexpression was immunohistochemically detected even in some cases without lymph node metastasis. These findings suggest that analysis of CAP2 expression may be helpful in selecting adjuvant treatment for melanoma patients and providing prognostic information in addition to conventional clinicopathological predictive factors for overall survival.

In summary, current research indicates that abnormal expression of CAP2 is closely related to some myocardial diseases and cancer. However, there are few reports on the relationship between CAP2 and related tumors. Therefore, further study of the molecular mechanism of CAP2 involved in tumorigenesis will provide new targets and new insights for the diagnosis and treatment of related cancers.

References:

  1. K Kosmas, et al. CAP2 is a regulator of the actin cytoskeleton and its absence changes infiltration of inflammatory cells and contraction of wounds. European Journal of Cell Biology, 2015, 94: 32–45
  2. Florian Stöckigt, et al. Deficiency of cyclase-associated protein 2 promotes arrhythmias associated with connexin43 maldistribution and fibrosis. Arch Med Sci, 2016, 12(1): 188–198
  3. Fu J, et al. Increased Expression of CAP2 Indicates Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Translational Oncology, 2015, 8: 400–406
  4. Chen A, et al. preliminary study of plasma cyclase-associated protein 2 as a novel biomarker for early stage and alpha-fetoprotein negative hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology, 2015, 39: 215—221
  5. Xu L, et al. Expression status of cyclase associated protein 2 as a prognostic marker for human breast cancer. Oncology Reports, 2016, 36: 1981-1988
  6. Masugi Y, et al. Overexpression of adenylate cyclase-associated protein 2 is a novel prognostic marker in malignant melanoma. Pathology International, 2015, 65: 627–634
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