DDX19A

Official Full Name

DEAD-box helicase 19A

Organism

Homo sapiens

GeneID

55308

Background

Predicted to enable RNA helicase activity and mRNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in poly(A)+ mRNA export from nucleus. Located in membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Feb 2025]

Synonyms

DDX19L; DDX19-DDX19L;

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Detailed Information

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, and its development and progression involve various genetic and environmental factors. Among the numerous genes associated with cancer, the DDX19A (DEAD-box polypeptide 19A) gene has gained significant attention due to its potential role in tumor growth and metastasis.

Structure and Function of DDX19A Gene

The DDX19A gene, also known as DEAD-box protein 19A, is located on chromosome 1p36.13 and belongs to the DEAD-box family. It encodes a protein called DDX19A, which is an RNA helicase involved in the regulation of gene expression. The DDX19A protein is expressed in various tissues and cell types and has been reported to play a crucial role in cancer development and progression.

Role of DDX19A Gene in Cancer Development

The expression of DDX19A gene is often upregulated in cancer cells, promoting their proliferation and survival. The DDX19A protein is involved in the unwinding of RNA duplexes, which is essential for the translation of mRNA and the regulation of gene expression. Moreover, the DDX19A gene is also associated with the regulation of cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and migration of cancer cells. These factors contribute to the rapid growth and metastasis of tumors.

Implications in Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis of DDX19A

The expression level of DDX19A gene can be used as a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Increased expression of DDX19A gene is often associated with a higher risk of cancer progression and metastasis. Therefore, the detection of DDX19A gene expression in tumor tissue or peripheral blood can provide valuable information for clinicians to determine the prognosis and treatment options for cancer patients. DDX19A was identified as a novel cytosolic RNA sensor that bridged porcine reproductive and respiration syndrome virus RNA and NLRP3 to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. Moreover, a meta-analysis showed that a downsized four-gene signature, consisting of DDX19A, FOXM1, KPNA4, and H2AFV, represents a highly significant finding for the biology underlying histological grades in breast cancer, in particular, regarding cell proliferation, and DNA stability. However, the expression and function of DDX19A in cancer have not been reported.

Therapeutic Targets of DDX19A

Due to the crucial role of DDX19A gene in cancer growth and progression, it has become an attractive therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Several studies have demonstrated that the inhibition of DDX19A gene expression or activity can significantly suppress cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. For example, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting the DDX19A gene have been shown to inhibit tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, novel small-molecule inhibitors targeting the DDX19A protein are currently under development, which may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.

References:

Jiang Y, Wang B, Li Y, et al. DDX19A Promotes Metastasis of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Inducing NOX1-Mediated ROS Production [published correction appears in Front Oncol. 2022 Jun 09;12:914765]. Front Oncol. 2021;11:629974. Published 2021 Apr 22. doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.629974
Jiang Y, Wang B, Li Y, et al. Corrigendum: DDX19A Promotes Metastasis of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Inducing NOX1-Mediated ROS Production. Front Oncol. 2022;12:914765. Published 2022 Jun 9. doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.914765

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